<p>Article</p> <h2 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Introduction </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h2> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;engagement est devenu l&rsquo;un des concepts populaires, notamment dans les sciences sociales, pour d&eacute;crire la mani&egrave;re dont l&rsquo;organisation tente de collaborer avec leurs parties prenantes. Les recherches montrent&nbsp; aujourd&rsquo;hui qu&rsquo;il y a plus d&rsquo;employ&eacute;s d&eacute;sengag&eacute;s que d&rsquo;employ&eacute;s engag&eacute;s (A,Tkalac Verčič &amp; N,Polo&scaron;ki Vokić,2017). Selon Gallup, dans le Rapport sur l&rsquo;&eacute;tat des travaux dans 142 pays, seulement 13% des employ&eacute;s interrog&eacute;s ont d&eacute;clar&eacute; se sentir impliqu&eacute;s dans leur lieu de travail (Gallup, 2016). Compte tenu des avantages potentiels de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, tels que l&rsquo;am&eacute;lioration des performances individuelles, la r&eacute;duction du taux d&rsquo;absent&eacute;isme et une fid&eacute;lit&eacute; accrue de la client&egrave;le (M,Salanova., S,Agut et J.M,Peiro, 2005), l&rsquo;engagement est&nbsp; devenu un avantage concurrentiel important qui&nbsp; permet &agrave; l&#39;organisation d&#39;innover et d&#39;&ecirc;tre comp&eacute;titive sur le march&eacute; (Welch, 2011). Les principaux facteurs d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s sont notamment la nature de l&rsquo;emploi et le milieu de travail, la reconnaissance de son travail, le climat social et le plus important pour cette &eacute;tude: la communication interne. En effet, l&rsquo;environnement de travail positif se caract&eacute;rise g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement par une communication ouverte. Principalement, la communication interne implique un &eacute;change d&#39;informations dans les deux sens. L&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s promu par la communication interne, est &laquo;&nbsp;le degr&eacute; auquel une personne est attentive et absorb&eacute;e dans l&#39;ex&eacute;cution de ses r&ocirc;les&nbsp;&raquo; (Saks, 2006,p. 602).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Cette &eacute;tude examine la relation entre la communication&nbsp; interne et l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s. Ce faisant, le document aborde une lacune en mati&egrave;re de recherche identifi&eacute;e par A,Tkalac Verčič &amp; N,Polo&scaron;ki Vokić (2017), qui observent que malgr&eacute; l&rsquo;importance de la relation entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, l&rsquo;association n&rsquo;a pas &eacute;t&eacute; largement test&eacute;e de mani&egrave;re empirique et plus sp&eacute;cifiquement dans le secteur public. Ce document aborde cette lacune dans les travaux empiriques et examine les associations entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s &agrave; travers une enqu&ecirc;te men&eacute;e aupr&egrave;s de dix administrations publiques marocaines.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif">Notre article pr&eacute;sente d&rsquo;abord, une revue de litt&eacute;rature sur les concepts cl&eacute;s de l&rsquo;&eacute;tude et expose par la suite les objectifs de l&rsquo;&eacute;tude et la question de recherche. Ensuite, les m&eacute;thodes utilis&eacute;es pour &eacute;tudier et r&eacute;pondre &agrave; &nbsp;la question de recherche sont d&eacute;crites, suivies d&#39;une analyse et d&#39;une discussion des r&eacute;sultats.&nbsp;Les implications &nbsp;et les recherches futures sont fournies dans la conclusion.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Revue de litt&eacute;rature&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Le concept de l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s est devenu une pr&eacute;occupation majeure des dirigeants d&#39;organisations et a suscit&eacute; un int&eacute;r&ecirc;t croissant de la part des chercheurs.&nbsp;Le concept est compris de diff&eacute;rentes mani&egrave;res par les praticiens. Ce&nbsp; faisant, L&#39;engagement a &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;fini comme &nbsp;l&#39;engagement &eacute;motionnel et intellectuel envers l&#39;organisation&nbsp;(Baumruk, 2004; Shaw, 2005) ou comme une &laquo;Implication individuelle, satisfaction et enthousiasme pour le travail&raquo; (Harter.,Schmidt et Hayes, 2002,p.417).La plupart des conceptualisations couramment utilis&eacute;es de l&rsquo;engagement reposent sur les travaux influents de Kahn (1990), qui a&nbsp; d&eacute;finit l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s comme &laquo;la mobilisation des membres de l&#39;organisation dans leurs r&ocirc;les professionnels; en engagement, les gens emploient et s&#39;expriment physiquement, cognitivement et &eacute;motionnellement lors de l&#39;ex&eacute;cution de r&ocirc;les&raquo; (Kahn,1990,p.694).L&#39;aspect cognitif est li&eacute; aux convictions des employ&eacute;s, des dirigeants et des conditions de travail. L&rsquo;aspect &eacute;motionnel est li&eacute; &agrave; la fa&ccedil;on dont les employ&eacute;s se sentent et leur attitude positive ou n&eacute;gative &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;gard de l&rsquo;organisation et de ses dirigeants. L&#39;aspect physique est connect&eacute; &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;nergie physique investi afin de remplir un r&ocirc;le (Verčič &amp; Vokić,2017).Par cons&eacute;quent, l&rsquo;engagement implique &agrave; la fois une pr&eacute;sence physiologique et physique(Kahn,1990). </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Ainsi , le concept de l&rsquo;engagement au travail a &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;finit comme &nbsp;un &eacute;tat d&#39;esprit positif, &eacute;panouissant, li&eacute; au travail, caract&eacute;ris&eacute; par la vigueur, le d&eacute;vouement et l&#39;absorption (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0280" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Schaufeli &amp; Bakker,2004</span></span>)</a>&nbsp;.Cette d&eacute;finition influente dans les nouveaux travaux sur l&rsquo;engagement et celle de&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0150" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Kahn (1990)</span></span></a>,&nbsp;partagent un int&eacute;r&ecirc;t commun pour les aspects de l&rsquo;engagement: cognitif/absorption,&nbsp;affectif/d&eacute;vouement&nbsp;et physique/vigueur(&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0365" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Welch,2011</span></span></a>&nbsp;; <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0290" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Schaufeli, 2014</span></span></a>&nbsp;).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Saks (2006), a d&eacute;montr&eacute; que l&rsquo;engagement comprend deux aspects importants, l&rsquo;engagement au travail et l&rsquo;engagement organisationnel. Pourtant, Un manque de clart&eacute; provient de la question de la diff&eacute;rence entre ces deux aspects. Hallberg &amp; Schaufeli (2006) affirment que l&#39;engagement au travail, la participation au travail et l&#39;engagement organisationnel sont des constructions empiriquement distinctes et refl&egrave;tent donc diff&eacute;rents aspects de l&#39;attachement au travail. En effet, la participation au travail est d&eacute;finie comme un &eacute;tat cognitif d&#39;identification psychologique (Kanungo, 1982) et, bien que l&#39;accent soit mis sur la cognition, l&#39;engagement, selon la plupart des d&eacute;finitions, inclut les &eacute;motions et les convictions (Kular et al, 2008).Par cons&eacute;quent, May et al. (2004) ont conclut que &nbsp;l&#39;engagement est le plus proche de la participation au travail. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Cependant, l&rsquo;engagement organisationnel implique que les employ&eacute;s restent au sein d&#39;une organisation en raison du d&eacute;sir de rester (engagement affectif), la reconnaissance que les co&ucirc;ts li&eacute;s au d&eacute;part seraient &eacute;lev&eacute;s (engagement continu) et / ou des sentiments d&rsquo;obligation de rester (engagement normatif) (Allen &amp; Meyer, 1990). En tant que tel, l&rsquo;engagement organisationnel&nbsp; montre une perspective &agrave; long terme, compar&eacute;e &agrave; l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s qui est une attitude &agrave; court terme de l&rsquo;employ&eacute; envers son travail (Polo&scaron;ki Vokić &amp; Hernaus, 2015).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La communication interne </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">En th&eacute;orie comme en pratique, la communication interne est essentielle pour cr&eacute;er des relations avec les employ&eacute;s. Elle est d&eacute;finit comme la communication entre les dirigeants de l&rsquo;organisation et l&rsquo;un de ses principaux publics&nbsp;qui sont&nbsp; les employ&eacute;s (Dolphin,2005). Il s&rsquo;agit de &laquo;&nbsp;l&rsquo;interaction sociale par le biais de messages&raquo; (Kalla, 2005,p.303).&nbsp;Son r&ocirc;le est de &laquo;&nbsp;mettre en lumi&egrave;re les liens entre les&nbsp; diff&eacute;rentes informations&nbsp;&raquo; (Quirke,2008,p. xv),et refl&egrave;te la capacit&eacute; de la direction &agrave; &eacute;tablir des relations entre les parties prenantes internes &agrave; tous les niveaux de l&rsquo;organisation&nbsp;(Welch &amp; Jackson, 2007). D&rsquo;Aprix (2009) a affirm&eacute; que &laquo;la communication est le lubrifiant incontestable qui emp&ecirc;che les syst&egrave;mes de l&rsquo;entreprise de s&rsquo;autod&eacute;truire du fait des frictions du changement&raquo;(D&rsquo;Aprix,2009,p. xxiii</span></span></span>).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Historiquement, les employ&eacute;s en tant que public ont &eacute;t&eacute; sous-estim&eacute;s par les sp&eacute;cialistes et les professionnels&nbsp; des relations publiques en faveur des publics externes (Chong, 2007; Wright, 1995).Cheney (1999) a not&eacute; que&nbsp; &laquo;dans la pr&eacute;cipitation vers une efficacit&eacute; et une comp&eacute;titivit&eacute; accrues, on a le sentiment que la plupart des organisations ne se soucient gu&egrave;re de leurs employ&eacute;s&raquo; (Cheney,1999,p. x</span></span></span>)<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">,ce qui refl&egrave;te le manque d&rsquo;attention&nbsp; port&eacute; par la direction face &agrave; leurs propres employ&eacute;s. Ce manque d&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t s&rsquo;explique par l&rsquo;accent que les organisations ont toujours mis sur leurs produits et leurs services aupr&egrave;s de publics externes par le biais de communications marketing, au d&eacute;triment de la communication interne &agrave; destination des employ&eacute;s (K,Mishra.,L,Boynton &amp;&nbsp;A,Mishra,2014).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Se concentrer sur la communication interne peut donc conf&eacute;rer &agrave; l&rsquo;entreprise plusieurs avantages, elle renforce la confiance entre les gestionnaires et les employ&eacute;s et conduit &agrave; l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s avec l&rsquo;entreprise. En effet, la communication interne de l&#39;entreprise est d&eacute;finie comme la communication entre les responsables strat&eacute;giques d&#39;une organisation et ses parties prenantes internes, con&ccedil;ue pour promouvoir l&#39;engagement envers l&#39;organisation, un sentiment d&#39;appartenance &agrave; celle-ci, la prise de conscience de son environnement en mutation et la compr&eacute;hension de ses objectifs en constante &eacute;volution <span style="color:#2e2e2e">(&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0360" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Welch &amp; Jackson , 2007</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:#2e2e2e">).</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Thomas, Zolin et Hartman (2009), ont toutefois indiqu&eacute; que &laquo;lorsque les employ&eacute;s per&ccedil;oivent qu&#39;ils obtiennent des informations opportunes, exactes et pertinentes de leurs sup&eacute;rieurs hi&eacute;rarchiques et de leurs coll&egrave;gues, ils sont plus susceptibles de se sentir moins vuln&eacute;rables et plus capables, se fier &agrave; leurs coll&egrave;gues et &agrave; leurs superviseurs &raquo; (p. 302). De m&ecirc;me Kitchen et Daly (2002), ont d&eacute;montr&eacute; que la communication interne est cruciale pour la r&eacute;ussite de l&#39;organisation et pour ses activit&eacute;s quotidiennes.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h3 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La relation entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h3> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La communication interne fait partie du contexte organisationnel dans lequel les employ&eacute;s sont engag&eacute;s ou d&eacute;sengag&eacute;s (Bakker, Albrecht et Leiter, 2011). Des recherches ant&eacute;rieures ont montr&eacute; que les pratiques de communication interne influencent positivement l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s (Chong, 2007., Saks, 2006., Welch &amp; Jackson, 2007).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Saks (2006) a d&eacute;montr&eacute; qu&rsquo;une communication claire et coh&eacute;rente avec les employ&eacute;s permet de cr&eacute;er des relations positives avec les employeurs, ainsi il estime que les employ&eacute;s qui se sentent du soutien de la part de leurs sup&eacute;rieurs hi&eacute;rarchiques, r&eacute;agissent et s&rsquo;engagent d&rsquo;avantage dans leur travail. Ce qui explique le r&eacute;sultat de recherches r&eacute;alis&eacute;es par Therkelsen &amp; Fiebich (2003) qui ont constat&eacute; que le superviseur de premi&egrave;re ligne &eacute;tait un &eacute;l&eacute;ment cl&eacute; de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De m&ecirc;me, Welch et Jackson (2007) ont caract&eacute;ris&eacute; la communication interne comme capitale pour obtenir&nbsp; l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s, ils ont estim&eacute; qu&rsquo;une communication fiable, claire et continue&nbsp; permet aux gestionnaires d&rsquo;aider les employ&eacute;s &agrave; comprendre les objectifs strat&eacute;giques de l&rsquo;entreprise dans le but&nbsp; de promouvoir un sentiment d&rsquo;appartenance et d&rsquo;engagement chez eux.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">En outre, les recherches men&eacute;es par les consultants de Watson Wyatt (2008) indiquent que&nbsp;les entreprises qui ont communiqu&eacute; efficacement avec leurs employ&eacute;s &eacute;taient quatre fois plus susceptibles d&rsquo;avoir un niveau &eacute;lev&eacute; d&rsquo;engagement. Ce faisant, une communication interne satisfaisante favorise le dialogue afin de cr&eacute;er un climat de confiance avec des publics cl&eacute;s et de promouvoir en cons&eacute;quence, l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> Une &eacute;tude de&nbsp; MacLeod &amp; Clarke (2009) prouve &eacute;galement qu&#39;une communication interne de qualit&eacute; am&eacute;liore l&#39;engagement dans les organisations des secteurs public, priv&eacute; et b&eacute;n&eacute;vole.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black"> De plus, </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Lorsqu&#39;un employ&eacute; se sent impliqu&eacute; dans l&#39;organisation, il est pr&eacute;tendu qu&#39;il sera plus susceptible de d&eacute;velopper des relations positives avec d&#39;autres parties prenantes &agrave; la fois &agrave; l&#39;int&eacute;rieur et &agrave; l&#39;ext&eacute;rieur de l&#39;entreprise, d&eacute;montrant ainsi son engagement.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Welch (2011) a mis l&rsquo;accent sur le&nbsp; lien existent entre l&#39;engagement et la communication interne et pr&eacute;cise que l&#39;engagement est sous l&#39;influence de la communication. Elle indique que la communication interne peut&nbsp; transf&eacute;rer les valeurs de l&rsquo;organisation &agrave; tous les niveaux des employ&eacute;s de mani&egrave;re efficace et les impliquer dans les objectifs organisationnels, ce qui conduit &agrave; la promotion et au d&eacute;veloppement de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. Principalement, Welch a d&eacute;velopp&eacute; un mod&egrave;le conceptuel qui d&eacute;crit l&#39;influence de la communication sur l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s. Dans ce mod&egrave;le, elle a expliqu&eacute; l&rsquo;engagement &agrave; travers&nbsp; ses trois aspects d&eacute;velopp&eacute;s par Kahn&nbsp;:&eacute;motionnel, cognitif et physique. Ces trois aspects&nbsp; sont ensuite associ&eacute;s &agrave; trois dimensions&nbsp;: d&eacute;dicace, absorption et vigueur propos&eacute;es par Schaufeli, Salanova, Gonz&aacute;lez Roma &amp; Bakker (2002).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">D&rsquo;autre part, si le processus de communication interne est caract&eacute;ris&eacute; par l&rsquo;ouverture et le retour d&#39;information ascendant, ceci encourage la voix des employ&eacute;s qui est reconnue comme un moteur de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s <span style="color:#2e2e2e">(</span><a name="bbib0330"></a><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811116304805#bib0330" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">Truss et al.,2006</span></span></a>&nbsp;;&nbsp;<a name="bbib0270">Ruck &amp; Welch, 2012</a><span style="color:#2e2e2e">)</span>.Cependant, de nombreux gestionnaires n&rsquo;acceptent pas le partage&nbsp; des informations avec leurs employ&eacute;s. Pour eux, l&#39;information constitue un pouvoir qu&#39;ils ne sont pas dispos&eacute;s &agrave; partager, <i>&laquo;&nbsp;</i>les cadres sup&eacute;rieurs ont tendance &agrave; trop critiquer les commentaires n&eacute;gatifs, tout en &eacute;tant d&#39;accord avec les commentaires positifs&nbsp;&raquo; (Tourish &amp; Hargie, 2004,p.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">197).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;objectif de cet article est de comprendre l&rsquo;&eacute;tat actuel de la communication interne et d&rsquo;analyser ses effets sur l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans le contexte des administrations publiques. Et&nbsp; afin de mieux explorer la relation d&rsquo;influence entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, une question de recherche est &agrave; la base de cette &eacute;tude: </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">En quoi la communication interne influence-t-elle l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans les administrations publiques marocaines&nbsp;?</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <h2 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">M&eacute;thodes</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h2> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Afin de mieux comprendre les concepts fondamentaux de notre &eacute;tude et r&eacute;pondre aux objectifs de notre recherche. Nous avons utilis&eacute; d&rsquo;abord la technique documentaire par l&rsquo;exploitation de la litt&eacute;rature existante en exploitant des ouvrages, des articles scientifiques et des th&egrave;ses soutenus ainsi que&nbsp; diff&eacute;rents textes susceptibles de nous renseigner sur le sujet trait&eacute;.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Ensuite, Pour mener &agrave; bien cette recherche qui vise &agrave; montrer l&rsquo;influence de la communication interne sur l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans les administrations publiques marocaines, nous avons opt&eacute; pour une d&eacute;marche qualitative &eacute;tant donn&eacute; son efficacit&eacute; dans le cadre de recherches exploratoires (Charreire &amp; Durieux ,1999), ainsi que sa souplesse d&rsquo;ajustement pendant son d&eacute;roulement. A travers une s&eacute;rie d&rsquo;entretiens semi directifs &nbsp;effectu&eacute;s sur la base d&rsquo;un guide d&rsquo;entretien, nous avons obtenu les avis des responsables enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;s sur notre question de recherche.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nous avons utilis&eacute; la technique d&#39;&eacute;chantillonnage de convenance dans la constitution de notre &eacute;chantillon, 10 responsables de 10 administrations publiques ont r&eacute;pondu &agrave; nos questions lors des entretiens. Ces entretiens exploratoires sont men&eacute;s aupr&egrave;s des responsables communication interne &nbsp;et/ou ressources humaines selon la structure de l&rsquo;administration enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;e. Cette &eacute;tude a &eacute;t&eacute; men&eacute;e durant le mois Mars 2020. Les dirigeants interrog&eacute;s dans le cadre de cette &eacute;tude repr&eacute;sentaient le service public.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nous avons commenc&eacute; ces entretiens par une prise de contact avec les personnes interview&eacute;es, ensuite nous avons abord&eacute; les th&egrave;mes objet de l&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;te, finalement nous avons achev&eacute; les entretiens par une synth&egrave;se et une discussion g&eacute;n&eacute;rale sur la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans la fonction publique.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nous avons men&eacute; les entretiens &agrave; l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un guide d&rsquo;entretien, ce dernier est structur&eacute; sous forme de trois th&egrave;mes, &agrave; savoir&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;identification de l&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;: ce th&egrave;me contient des informations g&eacute;n&eacute;rales concernant l&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;: pour collecter des informations concernant les moteurs de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans l&rsquo;administration publique, la justification de choix de ces moteurs, les avantages de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans ce secteur et ses contraintes.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La communication interne</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;: ce th&egrave;me a pour objectif de s&rsquo;interroger sur les formes, les objectifs et les pratiques de la communication interne ainsi que sa relation avec l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les donn&eacute;es collect&eacute;es via cette &eacute;tude ont &eacute;t&eacute; analys&eacute;es, &agrave; travers une analyse de contenu des discours, objet des entretiens men&eacute;s aupr&egrave;s des responsables des administrations publiques. Chaque conversation a &eacute;t&eacute; enregistr&eacute;e, transcrite et analys&eacute;e. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La retranscription des donn&eacute;es&nbsp; des entretiens a consist&eacute; &agrave; mettre par &eacute;crit les discours des interview&eacute;s qui ont &eacute;t&eacute; enregistr&eacute;s lors des entretiens. Au cours de la codification, nous avons effectu&eacute; une analyse th&eacute;matique&nbsp; qui nous a aid&eacute; &agrave; ressortir les th&egrave;mes, tout en rep&eacute;rant des fragments de textes importants dans l&rsquo;explication de chaque th&egrave;me. Ensuite, nous avons construit une grille d&rsquo;analyse qui&nbsp; a &eacute;t&eacute; compos&eacute;e des th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents de l&rsquo;analyse th&eacute;matique. Cela nous a permis d&rsquo;obtenir une liste des occurrences en comptabilisant le nombre de fois o&ugrave; un m&ecirc;me concept est cit&eacute;. Enfin, l&#39;interpr&eacute;tation des donn&eacute;es nous a permis de situer les r&eacute;sultats obtenus en rapport avec les objectifs poursuivis par l&#39;&eacute;tude, &agrave; savoir&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">-Identifier les moteurs de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans les administrations publiques marocaines&nbsp;;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">-Ressortir les pratiques de la communication interne qui ont une incidence/effet sur l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s&nbsp;;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">-Montrer de quelle mani&egrave;re la communication interne peut affecter l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pour chaque question pos&eacute;e, nous avons r&eacute;pertori&eacute; tous les th&egrave;mes et nous avons identifi&eacute; les plus cit&eacute;s et les moins cit&eacute;s. Nous avons &eacute;galement comment&eacute; les r&eacute;sultats, en y ajoutant les points de vue des enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;s, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire les phrases int&eacute;ressantes not&eacute;es lors du codage des donn&eacute;es.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Analyse des r&eacute;sultats </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h2> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les r&eacute;sultats de nos enqu&ecirc;tes sont pr&eacute;sent&eacute;s sous formes de tableaux. Sur chaque tableau, la premi&egrave;re colonne reprend les r&eacute;ponses donn&eacute;es par nos enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;s. La deuxi&egrave;me colonne pr&eacute;sente la fr&eacute;quence de chaque r&eacute;ponse. Et la troisi&egrave;me colonne pr&eacute;sente le pourcentage de chaque r&eacute;ponse par rapport au total des individus de notre &eacute;chantillon. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 1.la fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des moteurs de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s utilis&eacute;s dans &nbsp;l&rsquo;administration publique</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La communication interne</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">80 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Les r&eacute;compenses et la reconnaissance</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La formation</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">20 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La r&eacute;troaction r&eacute;guli&egrave;re</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">30 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Les coll&egrave;gues et la relation au travail</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">30 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Les opportunit&eacute;s de croissance</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La satisfaction au travail</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">60 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">L&rsquo;organisation de l&rsquo;apprentissage</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">20 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:15px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La culture d&rsquo;entreprise </span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:15px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:15px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">10 %</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Source&nbsp;: &eacute;laboration personnelle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;L&rsquo;analyse des diff&eacute;rents entretiens nous a permis de relever les moteurs de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s utilis&eacute;s dans les administrations publiques marocaines. On remarque en premier lieu que la communication interne figure en premi&egrave;re place parmi ces moteurs, du fait qu&rsquo;elle est cit&eacute;e 8 fois par les personnes enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;es soit (une fr&eacute;quence de 80%, d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens)&nbsp;; en deuxi&egrave;me lieu on trouve la satisfaction au travail, cit&eacute;e 6 fois (soit 60% des entretiens) et en troisi&egrave;me lieu, on trouve les r&eacute;compenses et la reconnaissance, cit&eacute;es 5 fois (soit 50% de l&rsquo;ensemble des responsables interrog&eacute;s) font recours &agrave; ce moteur pour engager leurs employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Un directeur ressources humaines avec 20 ans d&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience a d&eacute;clar&eacute; que&nbsp;:&nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;</span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">la communication organisationnelle interne a un r&ocirc;le important &agrave; jouer dans le d&eacute;veloppement et le maintien d&#39;un engagement optimal des employ&eacute;s</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">On peut en conclure que les responsables ont recours &agrave; des moteurs d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s surtout symboliques que mat&eacute;riels. Les moteurs mat&eacute;riels &agrave; savoir les r&eacute;compenses&nbsp; se limitent aux administrations publiques b&eacute;n&eacute;ficiant d&rsquo;une certaine autonomie financi&egrave;re. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pour mieux comprendre cette pr&eacute;f&eacute;rence pour ces moteurs d&rsquo;engagement au d&eacute;triment des autres &eacute;l&eacute;ments, nous avons analys&eacute; dans ce qui suit les r&eacute;ponses relatives &agrave; la justification du choix des moteurs d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s utilis&eacute;s par les responsables enqu&ecirc;t&eacute;s. Les r&eacute;sultats de cette analyse se pr&eacute;sentent comme suit&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 2.la fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des raisons du choix des moteurs d&rsquo;engagement utilis&eacute;s</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Sens, efficacit&eacute;, utilit&eacute;</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40%</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Importance strat&eacute;gique</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">60%</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Couts des pratiques d&rsquo;engagement</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">70%</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Effet et rentabilit&eacute;</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50%</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Exp&eacute;rience et contexte du travail </span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">30%</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Source&nbsp;: &eacute;laboration personnelle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ce tableau montre que les raisons avanc&eacute;es pour justifier le choix des moteurs de l&rsquo;engagement utilis&eacute;s concernent, en premier lieu, les couts li&eacute;s aux pratiques de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s (cit&eacute; dans 7 entretiens), soit 70% des interview&eacute;s&nbsp;: </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;Pour engager nos employ&eacute;s nous utilisons des moyens non couteux disponibles et accessibles &agrave; travers des gestes quotidiens, pour assurer leur satisfaction et par cons&eacute;quent augmenter leur niveau d&rsquo;engagement, ceci nous aident &agrave; compenser notre manque de contr&ocirc;le sur la r&eacute;mun&eacute;ration et l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;un r&eacute;gime de primes, aussi notre choix est dict&eacute; par le contexte du travail au sein des administrations publiques marocaines&nbsp;&raquo;</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> Avance un interview&eacute;.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">En deuxi&egrave;me lieu 60% des responsables justifient leurs choix par l&rsquo;importance strat&eacute;gique des moteurs choisis comme il a d&eacute;clar&eacute; un responsable de communication interne et consultant en mati&egrave;re de d&eacute;veloppement des ressources humaines&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;<i>&laquo;&nbsp;&hellip;.le choix de la communication interne comme un moteur d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s revient &agrave; sa place strat&eacute;gique, son importance a &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;montr&eacute; sur plusieurs niveaux vu que tout baigne dans la communication&nbsp;&raquo;.</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Au troisi&egrave;me rang figure l&rsquo;effet et la rentabilit&eacute; des employ&eacute;s (cit&eacute; 5 fois) soit 50% des responsables avancent cette justification. Les autres raisons ne sont pas cit&eacute;es avec la m&ecirc;me intensit&eacute; par les responsables interview&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les responsables des administrations publiques avancent qu&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;utilisent pas forcement des crit&egrave;res d&rsquo;efficacit&eacute; ou de r&eacute;sultats attendus, comme des crit&egrave;res de choix pour les moteurs d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s d&eacute;j&agrave; &eacute;merg&eacute;s de notre enqu&ecirc;te. Ils se contentent d&rsquo;&eacute;l&eacute;ments existants, accessibles et disponibles, et tentent de faire face aux contraintes qui bloquent ces moteurs dans le secteur public. Ainsi, la faiblesse des incitations financi&egrave;res, du degr&eacute; d&rsquo;autonomie et l&rsquo;augmentation des couts des pratiques n&eacute;cessaires pour l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, p&egrave;sent lourdement sur l&rsquo;action de ces responsables en mati&egrave;re d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 3.La fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des avantages de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Efficacit&eacute; et efficience </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Potentiel de l&rsquo;employ&eacute; </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">60%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Responsabilisation </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Productivit&eacute; </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">80%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Innovation et r&eacute;activit&eacute; </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">70%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Source&nbsp;: Elaboration personnelle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Il ressort du tableau ci-avant les r&eacute;sultats suivants&nbsp;: Sur les 10&nbsp; responsables&nbsp; interrog&eacute;s par rapport aux avantages de l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans le secteur public, 80% ont cit&eacute; la productivit&eacute; au travail, selon un responsable interrog&eacute;&nbsp;: <i>&laquo;&nbsp;l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s au travail occupe une place primordiale, il est devenu un enjeu important&hellip;cela peut se traduire par des revenus plus &eacute;lev&eacute;s et une augmentation de la productivit&eacute;&nbsp;&raquo;.</i>Suivie par l&rsquo;innovation et la r&eacute;activit&eacute; cit&eacute;es par 70% ( soit dans 7 entretiens), comme il explique l&rsquo;un des responsables&nbsp;: <i>&laquo;&nbsp;les employ&eacute;s engag&eacute;s sont aussi innovants et r&eacute;actifs voir plus qu&rsquo;un cadre ou directeur&hellip;&nbsp;&raquo;</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Un haut potentiel des employ&eacute;s figure aussi parmi ces avantages cit&eacute;s dans 6 entretiens, (soit 60%&nbsp; des r&eacute;pondants).En voici un exemple fournit par un DRH qui a 35 ans d&rsquo;exp&eacute;riences dans le secteur public&nbsp;: <i>&laquo;&nbsp;Comp&eacute;tence + engagement = potentiel&nbsp;&raquo;.</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Lorsque les employ&eacute;s sont engag&eacute;s, les responsables constatent un niveau de responsabilisation &eacute;lev&eacute;e, une augmentation de la productivit&eacute;, des employ&eacute;s plus r&eacute;actifs et innovants en raison de leur satisfaction au travail, cela permet, in fine, l&rsquo;am&eacute;lioration du&nbsp; potentiel des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 4.La fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des formes de communication interne dans l&rsquo;administration publique</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Communication descendante</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">70%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Communication ascendante </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">10%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Communication descendante et ascendante </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">20%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La communication lat&eacute;rale </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Source: &eacute;laboration personnelle&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Nous observons que la forme de communication la plus dominante dans les administrations publiques est la communication descendante, cit&eacute;e dans 7 entretiens soit 70% des responsables utilisent cette forme de communication. Suivie par la communication lat&eacute;rale utilis&eacute;e par 50% des responsables, tandis que 20% parmi eux font recours &agrave; la communication ascendante et descendante &agrave; la fois. Alors que la communication ascendante reste timide (cit&eacute;e dans un seul entretien), soit 10% des responsables interview&eacute;s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Ces r&eacute;sultats s&rsquo;expliquent par le style de management appliqu&eacute; dans les administrations publiques marocaines dont les pouvoirs sont centralis&eacute;s au niveau du top management qui se charge des d&eacute;cisions importantes et r&eacute;duit la communication &agrave; la transmission des instructions et des consignes de travail.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 5.La fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des objectifs de la communication interne </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Informer</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">90%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Motiver </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Partager l&rsquo;information</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">60%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Favoriser la collaboration et la coh&eacute;sion </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Adh&eacute;rer les fonctionnaires </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">8</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">80%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Engager et mobiliser les &eacute;quipes </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">70%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Source: &eacute;laboration personnelle&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D&rsquo;apr&egrave;s le tableau ci-avant, La communication interne a comme premier objectif d&rsquo;informer les collaborateurs, cet objectif est cit&eacute; dans 9 entretiens (soit 90% des r&eacute;pondants).</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;<i>L&rsquo;objectif de la communication interne dans notre organisation est de transmettre l&rsquo;information, de tenir les employ&eacute;s inform&eacute;s des objectifs &eacute;conomiques, financiers, sociaux, politiques, et &eacute;thiques. Et finalement, communiquer la finalit&eacute; et la strat&eacute;gie de l&#39;organisation&nbsp;&raquo;. </i>Avance un responsable ressources humaines. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">En deuxi&egrave;me lieu, 80% des responsables assignent &agrave; la communication interne l&rsquo;objectif d&rsquo;adh&eacute;rer les fonctionnaires, (cit&eacute; 8 fois dans les entretiens).Par exemple&nbsp;:&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;Adh&eacute;rer les fonctionnaires aux strat&eacute;gies de l&#39;administration publique est parmi les objectifs de la communication qu&rsquo;il faut chercher &agrave; atteindre &nbsp;pour assurer &nbsp;une meilleure productivit&eacute;, qui se traduira par un meilleur service au profit des citoyens&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></i></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Et en troisi&egrave;me lieu, l&rsquo;objectif d&rsquo;engager et mobiliser les &eacute;quipes est cit&eacute; dans 7 entretiens (soit 70% des responsables interrog&eacute;s).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Ce qui montre que la communication interne dans les administrations publiques, en plus de son r&ocirc;le de transmission des consignes et de partage d&rsquo;information, elle peut aussi jouer un r&ocirc;le social et strat&eacute;gique qui consiste &agrave; mobiliser les employ&eacute;s, ainsi d&rsquo;am&eacute;liorer leur niveau d&rsquo;engagement &agrave; travers ses pratiques d&rsquo;information, de consultation et d&rsquo;adh&eacute;sion des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 6.La fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens des d&eacute;terminants de l&rsquo;efficacit&eacute; de la communication interne </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La participation des collaborateurs</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">60%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Transparence, clart&eacute; et sinc&eacute;rit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">L&rsquo;&eacute;coute active et permanente des fonctionnaires</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">50%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:23px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Climat social</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:23px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; height:23px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">40%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Qualit&eacute; des canaux de communication </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">30%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Style de management </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">70%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Source:&eacute;laboration personnelle&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Selon 70% des responsables des administrations publiques interrog&eacute;s, l&rsquo;efficacit&eacute; de la communication interne dans leur administration d&eacute;pend en premier lieu du style de management adopt&eacute; (cit&eacute; dans 7 entretiens).En deuxi&egrave;me lieu apparait la participation des collaborateurs comme un d&eacute;terminant important cit&eacute; dans 6 entretiens (soit 60 % des r&eacute;ponses).En troisi&egrave;me lieu figure l&rsquo;&eacute;coute active et permanente des fonctionnaire cit&eacute;e par 5 responsables interview&eacute;s, soit une fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition de 50%. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Un exemple d&rsquo;un t&eacute;moignage&nbsp;: <i>&laquo;&nbsp;&ecirc;tre &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;coute active et permanente des fonctionnaires, consid&eacute;rer leurs obstacles dans l&#39;ex&eacute;cution de leur t&acirc;ches, fournir les outils n&eacute;cessaires au travail, et les conditions sociales au moins celles basique&nbsp;: l&agrave; se sont les vrais d&eacute;terminants de l&rsquo;efficacit&eacute; de cette pi&egrave;ce maitresse (&agrave; savoir la communication interne)&nbsp;&raquo;.</i></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les r&eacute;sultats obtenus ci-haut, montrent que le mode de management adopt&eacute;, la promotion de la participation, la transparence et la contribution des employ&eacute;s ainsi que l&rsquo;&eacute;coute active et permanente qui augmente&nbsp; le degr&eacute; de&nbsp; r&eacute;ceptivit&eacute; des managers, sont des facteurs d&eacute;terminants pour la qualit&eacute; et la valeur ajout&eacute;e des pratiques de la communication interne sur l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans l&rsquo;administration publique. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 7.La fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;apparition dans les entretiens&nbsp;: l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une&nbsp; relation d&rsquo;influence entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s </span></span></span></b></p> <table class="Ombrageclair1" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Th&egrave;mes &eacute;mergents</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Nombre de fois cit&eacute;</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">La fr&eacute;quence en %</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Absence de relation </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">10%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Une relation positive</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">9</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:none; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">90%</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">Une relation n&eacute;gative</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:205px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; background-color:silver; border-top:none; border-right:none; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="color:black">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Source&nbsp;: &eacute;laboration personnelle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Le r&eacute;sultat ci-dessus montre que la majorit&eacute; des responsables soit 90%, affirme l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une relation positive entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. N&eacute;anmoins, les r&eacute;sultats obtenus nous appelle &agrave; noter une certaine diff&eacute;rence dans les propos des responsables interview&eacute;s&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">-Certains responsables avancent qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une relation directe et que les pratiques de la communication interne sont suffisantes &agrave; elles seule pour engager les employ&eacute;s&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;Si le salari&eacute; s&rsquo;est inform&eacute; par tous ce qui se passe au sein de l&#39;administration, il va automatiquement se sentir engag&eacute;. Quand il y a de la sinc&eacute;rit&eacute; et du partage, le salari&eacute; fait na&icirc;tre un sentiment d&#39;appartenance qui se traduit directement par un engagement total&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></i></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;Oui bien sur, mieux communiquer mieux engager&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></i></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">-D&rsquo;autres responsables estiment qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une relation positive mais indirecte. Les exemples suivants d&eacute;montrent ce r&eacute;sultat obtenu&nbsp;:</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;Oui effectivement, la communication interne permet la motivation des employ&eacute;s et la coh&eacute;sion de l&#39;ensemble, et par cons&eacute;quent, l&rsquo;augmentation de&nbsp; leur niveau d&rsquo;engagement&raquo;.</span></span></span></i></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">&laquo;&nbsp;La communication interne permet &agrave; chacun des employ&eacute;s de se sentir&nbsp; concern&eacute; et acteur dans le d&eacute;veloppement de l&#39;entreprise ce qui renforce leur engagement. Mais seule elle demeure insuffisante, c&rsquo;est un outil parmi d&rsquo;autres&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></i></span></span></span></p> <h2 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Discussion </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h2> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">D&rsquo;abord, il est important de pr&eacute;ciser que la majorit&eacute; de notre &eacute;chantillon d&eacute;clarent que le niveau d&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans leur administration est qualifi&eacute; comme &eacute;lev&eacute; et satisfaisant. Ce r&eacute;sultat permet de changer la vision qu&rsquo;ont les gens des services publics qui sont consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme des services o&ugrave; les employ&eacute;s sont pr&eacute;occup&eacute;s surtout par leurs privil&egrave;ges. Pour les &eacute;l&eacute;ments utilis&eacute;s pour engager ces fonctionnaires, les responsables interrog&eacute;s ont expliqu&eacute; que des facteurs immat&eacute;riels comme la communication interne, le climat social et la r&eacute;troaction r&eacute;guli&egrave;re constituent des moteurs d&rsquo;engagement efficaces. Le choix de ces &eacute;l&eacute;ments est souvent exig&eacute; par la marge de man&oelig;uvre limit&eacute;e des administrations publiques en mati&egrave;re de moyens mat&eacute;riels (r&eacute;mun&eacute;rations, primes.etc). </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La communication interne permet de d&eacute;passer cette contrainte, elle repr&eacute;sente un moteur d&rsquo;engagement peu couteux qui permet de toucher une large partie du personnel. Ainsi, cette &eacute;tude nous a permis de souligner le r&ocirc;le important que joue la communication interne dans l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. Selon les responsables interview&eacute;s, La promotion de l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s est consid&eacute;r&eacute;e comme un aspect important de leur travail, ils s&rsquo;appuient sur une communication transparente et sinc&egrave;re avec les employ&eacute;s (Dolphin,2005).En choisissant les canaux adapt&eacute;s, les employ&eacute;s seront orient&eacute;s vers les m&ecirc;mes objectifs de la strat&eacute;gie de l&rsquo;organisation et d&rsquo;instaurer ses principes. Pour eux la communication interne aide &agrave; expliquer, anticiper et encourager les employ&eacute;s dans les actions prises, ce qui permet de cr&eacute;er un lien d&rsquo;adh&eacute;rence et d&rsquo;implication ainsi de procurer une sensation d&rsquo;appartenance &agrave; l&rsquo;administration. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Concernant les formes de la communication interne, nous constatons que la communication descendante est la plus dominante dans les administrations publiques qui ont fait l&rsquo;objet de notre &eacute;tude, cela s&rsquo;explique g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement par le style de management adopt&eacute;. Dans ce type de structure, les pouvoirs sont centralis&eacute;s dans le top management qui se charge des d&eacute;cisions prises et attache &agrave; la communication, la mission de la transmission des instructions et des consignes de travail aux employ&eacute;s. Pour les moyens de communication utilis&eacute;s dans ces administrations se sont des moyens &eacute;crits, oraux ou m&eacute;diatiques qui sont classiques ou modernes et qui&nbsp; se varient en fonction de la taille et des services offerts par&nbsp; ces administrations. On trouve par exemple les r&eacute;unions de partage, la revue interne, l&rsquo;affichage, newsletter, circulaires, facebook at work.etc.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Quant aux objectifs assign&eacute;s &agrave; une politique de&nbsp; communication interne, il s&rsquo;agit en premier lieu d&rsquo;informer les employ&eacute;s afin de leur donner le sentiment qu&rsquo;ils sont pris en consid&eacute;ration et leur permettre de se situer dans l&rsquo;organisation. Cette communication instrumentale reste n&eacute;cessaire mais insuffisante pour stimuler l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s comme il a &eacute;t&eacute; soulign&eacute; par S&eacute;zanne et al.(2019).En deuxi&egrave;me lieu, les responsables ont cit&eacute; l&rsquo;adh&eacute;sion et la participation des employ&eacute;s aux objectifs de l&rsquo;organisation, qui peuvent &ecirc;tre consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme des objectifs de la communication interne participative centr&eacute;e sur les personnes, ces derniers peuvent subir des cons&eacute;quences sous la forme d&rsquo;un engagement des employ&eacute;s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Enfin, nos r&eacute;sultats ont &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;clair&eacute;s par la majorit&eacute; de nos responsables interrog&eacute;s (90%), qui ont confirm&eacute; l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une relation d&rsquo;influence positive entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans les administrations publiques ayant fait l&rsquo;objet de notre enqu&ecirc;te exploratoire. Ce constat s&rsquo;inscrit dans la lign&eacute;e des conclusions de Ver&ccedil;i&ccedil; &amp; Vokic (2017) qui ont montr&eacute; que les pratiques de la communication interne sont d&eacute;cisives pour l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s. En ce qui concerne les moteurs essentiels &agrave; l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, nous avons constat&eacute; que la participation, la transparence, l&rsquo;adh&eacute;sion et l&rsquo;&eacute;coute active et permanente des employ&eacute;s sont les dimensions de la communication interne les plus pertinentes et efficaces pour l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans l&rsquo;administration publique marocaine.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Conclusion et perspectives </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h2> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Notre &eacute;tude qualitative exploratoire a apport&eacute; plus d&rsquo;&eacute;clairage sur la nature de la relation entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s dans un contexte sp&eacute;cifique &nbsp;celui des administrations publiques marocaines. Bien que les sp&eacute;cialistes soulignent l&rsquo;importance de la relation entre la communication interne et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, les recherches empiriques sur leur association sont limit&eacute;es (Karanges et al., 2015&nbsp;; Ver&ccedil;i&ccedil; &amp; Vokic,2017&nbsp;;C&eacute;zanne et al., 2019). Notre &eacute;tude a confirm&eacute; que la&nbsp; communication&nbsp; interne &agrave; travers ses pratiques&nbsp; joue un r&ocirc;le important dans la mobilisation&nbsp; et l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, Nous avons fourni des preuves empiriques qui s&rsquo;ajoutent et confirment des r&eacute;sultats ant&eacute;rieurs (Abraham,2012&nbsp;; Welch et Ruck,2012&nbsp;;Karanges et al.,2015), et l&rsquo;&eacute;tude de Watson Wyat (2008), qui a confirm&eacute; que les organisations qui communiquent efficacement avec leurs employ&eacute;s sont quatre fois plus susceptibles de faire preuve d&#39;un niveau&nbsp; &eacute;lev&eacute; d&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nos r&eacute;sultats s&rsquo;ajoutent &agrave; la litt&eacute;rature limit&eacute;e en rapport avec ce sujet qui est sous &eacute;tudi&eacute; dans le service public. Ces r&eacute;sultats ont&nbsp; montr&eacute; que la communication interne dans la fonction publique contribue &agrave; l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s soit directement ou indirectement en favorisant un climat opportun &agrave; travers des pratiques de participation, d&rsquo;adh&eacute;sion et d&rsquo;&eacute;coute active et permanente des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Cependant ce travail n&rsquo;est pas exempt de limites, lesquelles constituent autant de prolongement potentiels. D&rsquo;abord, Bien qu&rsquo;elles repr&eacute;sentent diverses entreprises, cette &eacute;tude exploratoire n&rsquo;a interrog&eacute; que dix responsables qui sont toujours repr&eacute;sentatifs du domaine de la gestion des ressources humaines. Ensuite, Une autre limite est que cette &eacute;tude n&rsquo;est pas une longitudinale, car elle&nbsp; a interrog&eacute;&nbsp; ces responsables&nbsp; &agrave; un moment donn&eacute;. Les recherches &agrave; venir pourraient&nbsp; suivre les responsables de communication interne et/ou ressources humaines des administrations publiques&nbsp; au fil du temps pour comprendre l&rsquo;influence de la&nbsp; communication interne sur l&rsquo;engagement des employ&eacute;s, &agrave; diff&eacute;rents moments et d&rsquo;explorer les effets causaux. Puis, des recherches futures pourraient envisager d&rsquo;&eacute;tudier un groupe plus important d&rsquo;employ&eacute;s et de cadres &nbsp;d&rsquo;une m&ecirc;me organisation publique ou priv&eacute;e pour d&eacute;terminer si la relation d&rsquo;influence positive est toujours maintenue. De plus notre &eacute;chantillon est tr&egrave;s petit, cette limite d&#39;&eacute;chantillonnage r&eacute;duit la capacit&eacute; de g&eacute;n&eacute;raliser les r&eacute;sultats &agrave; l&#39;ensemble de la population.&nbsp;Cette &eacute;tude doit donc &ecirc;tre consid&eacute;r&eacute;e comme une &eacute;tude pilote et une premi&egrave;re &eacute;tape dans une ligne de recherche plus large sur la relation entre la communication interne et l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De plus, des recherches qualitatives suppl&eacute;mentaires pourraient permettre de mieux comprendre les perceptions des employ&eacute;s et des cadres &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;gard de la communication interne et comment cette fonction pourrait &ecirc;tre plus efficace pour am&eacute;liorer l&#39;engagement des employ&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <h3 style="margin-bottom: 13px;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Bibliographie </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></h3> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-18pt; margin-left:48px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Symbol">&middot; </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Allen, N. J.,Meyer, J. P. (1990). </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. <i>Journal of Occupational&nbsp;</i></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Psychology</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">, 63(1), 1&ndash;18.doi&nbsp;: <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" target="_blank"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-18pt; margin-left:48px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="color:black">&middot; </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Bailey, C., Madden, A., Alfes, K. et Fletcher, L. (2017). The meaning, antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement: A narrative synthesis. <i>International Journal of Management Reviews</i>, 19, 31-53.<span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">doi:</span></span> <span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">10.1111/ijmr.12077</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-18pt; margin-left:48px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Symbol">&middot; </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Bakker, A. B., Albrecht, S. L., et Leiter, M. P. 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