<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1. Introduction</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Depuis une vingtaine d’années, le web 2.0 a révolutionné la manière de s’informer, d’interagir. Cette évolution trouve son aboutissement dans le web social qui permet aux internautes de co-construire leur propre web à travers les outils disponibles en ligne. Les technologies phares du Web 2.0 – blogues, fils RSS, sites Wikis, etc. – offrent aux utilisateurs du Web la possibilité de passer d’un rôle passif d’observateurs à un rôle actif de créateurs (Dufour, 2009). Ce qui change le rapport que les utilisateurs ont à cette technologie et à l’information. Cette transformation numérique du mode d’accès et de circulation de l’information a un impact fort sur leur archivage ; certains auteurs parlent d’ « archivistique 2.0 ». En effet, la réflexion sur la préservation de la mémoire du web est centrale tant du point de vue du support de l’information que de celui de la sélection de l’information à conserver. Pendant la crise du COVID19, à cause du confinement, l’utilisation du web a atteint des chiffres records. L’étude publiée en avril 2021 par Hootsuite et We Are Social sur les usages d’Internet et des réseaux sociaux à l’échelle mondiale montre qu’il y’a 4,72 milliards d’internautes, soit 6 personnes sur 10 dans le monde. Ce qui représente une hausse de +7,6 % par rapport à l’année précédente. Les réseaux sociaux comptent 4,33 milliards d’utilisateurs actifs (55,1 %), chiffres en augmentation de 13,7 % (521 millions d’usagers supplémentaires). Le corollaire de cette présence sans cesse croissante des personnes sur internet est le fait que le web est devenu l’un des principaux moyens d’accès et de partage de l’information. Certaines de ces informations sont des documents analogiques qui ont été numérisés tandis que d’autres sont nativement numériques. Ainsi, l’écriture de l’histoire comme celle de la pandémie du COVID 19, si elle est exhaustive, passe par la prise en compte de l’information dans le web. Or, la conservation des archives du web pour les besoins futurs des historiens n’est pas encore acquise comme celle sur support papier. Il faut par exemple pouvoir évaluer les informations qui ont été diffusée en ligne pour savoir qu’elles sont celles qui doivent faire l’objet d’une conservation définitive. Cette recherche vient enrichir la réflexion collective sur la méthode de sélection des informations en ligne à conserver. Cette sélection d’information doit tenir compte d’un besoin informationnel particulier, celui de la préservation de la mémoire du web. Mais avant d’y arriver, après avoir présenté la préservation de la mémoire du Web comme une nécessité pour l’écriture de l’histoire de la pandémie du COVID 19, nous allons nous attarder sur la revue de littérature et les concepts clés de notre étude. Puis nous décrirons la méthodologie utilisée, nous présenterons ensuite les résultats de l’étude et nous terminerons en les discutant. Ce travail aboutira à la proposition des pistes pratiques pour la préservation de la mémoire du Web en temps de crise.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2. préservation de la mémoire du Web comme une nécessité pour l’écriture de l’histoire de la pandémie du COVID 19 : état de la question</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Les archives jouent un rôle majeur dans l’écriture de l’histoire. En effet, les historiens interrogent les sources orales (témoins), sources archéologiques (vestiges) et les sources écrites (archives). Dans le cas de la pandémie du COVID19 en s’appuyant sur les archives du web, les historiens ont accès aux sources orales (documents audiovisuels et sonores) et aux sources écrites (textes). Comme nous l’avons susmentionné, cette crise plus qu’auparavant, les informations ont essentiellement circulé en ligne grâce à l’essor des technologies numériques de l’information et de la communication d’une part et d’autre part au confinement des populations. Par conséquent, une part très importante de l’écriture de l’histoire dépend de l’archivage du web. L’archivage du Web est un processus de collecte, de sélection, d’enrichissement, de stockage, de préservation et de mise à disposition des informations du web actuel, afin qu’elles restent accessibles aux utilisateurs dans l’avenir. L’objectif de cette démarche est de permettre, par exemple, à un historien dans trente ans de pouvoir étudier la manière dont un événement politique a été commenté par les parties prenantes, les médias et les simples utilisateurs du Web (Senellart, 2017). Si la pertinence de cette démarche est acquise, la question qui se pose aux professionnels des archives est de savoir comment préserver la mémoire de cette crise dans un contexte où la circulation de l’information s’est faite essentiellement sur internet qui se caractérise par plusieurs éléments généralement mis en exergue par les experts du domaine. Parmi ceux-ci, le rôle actif joué par l’utilisateur occupe une place centrale. Ainsi, de récepteur d’informations, l’utilisateur devient producteur en participant activement à la création de contenus, en donnant son avis ou en documentant des contenus déposés par d’autres</span></span></span> (<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Depover, Quintin & Strebelle, 2013). Les contenus web sont donc une co-construction ou une co-élaboration entre les émetteurs et les récepteurs, ce qui change le type de documents ou de dossier habituellement pris en charge par les archivistes. Bien plus, L’ « archivage 2.0 » doit prendre en compte le fait que le patrimoine numérique est un patrimoine particulièrement fragile (Puren, 2020) d’une part et d’autre part que la « surinformation » en ligne caractérisée par le sentiment de débordement, de trop-plein d’information (Papp, 2018) sont des défis supplémentaires pour l’archivage du web. Le défi principal de l’archivage de ce type de contenu est l’évaluation archivistique. Pour Basma Makhlouf (2009), l’évaluation archivistique « consiste à déterminer la valeur des archives et leur sort final. Une intervention importante qui se base sur des principes et s’exerce dans le cadre d’une stratégie d’évaluation prédéfinie ayant un processus de réalisation qui inclut des techniques, des</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">instruments et des critères d’évaluation ». C’est une opération centrale dans le management des documents, c’est pourquoi Carol Couture (1998) déclare que « <i>la fonction d’évaluation constitue le nœud dur de la discipline archivistique. La création, l’acquisition, la classification, la description, la diffusion et la conservation des archives sont redevables aux décisions prises lors de l’évaluation de ces dernières </i>». Pour Geneviève Noël (2009),</span></span></span> l’<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">objectif de l’évaluation est de constituer une ressource documentaire des plus représentatives. Dans le cas particulier, de l’écriture de l’histoire où les documents occupent une place centrale, « distinguer le vrai du faux en histoire, c’est distinguer le document vrai du document faux, distinguer ce qu’il peut y avoir de faux dans un document vrai, distinguer ce qui peut y avoir de vrai dans un document faux » (Halkin, 1973). Cette assertion prend tout son sens dans le cadre de l’information en ligne en général et dans le cas particulier du COVID19 où un très grand nombre de « fake news » et de théorie du complot ont été développée. Dans ce contexte, la sélection des archives pour la rédaction de l’histoire devient un enjeu central pour la mémoire collective parce que ce sont les documents conservés sur le COVID 19 qui permettront aux historiens présent et du futur de rendre compte de ce qui s’est réellement passé. « Si l’on s’accorde à reconnaître la nécessité d’un archivage du web, la manière de le faire et de l’organiser renvoie à une complexité technique et documentaire. En effet, la force du web est de reposer sur une logique décentralisée où tout acteur peut devenir producteur de contenus, d’interactions à travers le site qu’il crée ou auquel il contribue, et ce de manière désynchronisée et délocalisée »</span></span></span> (<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Bachimont, 2017). C’est ce qui fait dire à Musiani que « les archives du Web introduisent bien des ruptures, que ce soit dans la notion même d’archive, ou dans les pratiques des archivistes et des chercheurs » (Musiani<span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="vertical-align:baseline">, 2019)</span></span>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3. Cadre conceptuel</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Dans le cadre de travail, nous définissons :</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- les archives comme des objets aussi variés que des titres juridiques, des publications, des journaux, des collections d’articles de blog, des fichiers numériques compressés, de la documentation militante, etc. (Chabin, 2021).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- l’archives web comme une collecte sélective constituée du patrimoine nativement numérique (textes, bases de données, les images fixes et animées, l’audio, les pages web) ainsi que ressources analogiques converties sous forme numérique.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- l’archivage comme un ensemble de technique et moyens utilisés pour collecter, traiter, conserver et exploiter des documents jusqu’à leur destruction éventuelle.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- l’archivage du web comme l'ensemble des actions, outils et méthodes mis en œuvre pour conserver à moyen ou long terme des informations en ligne (textes, bases de données, les images fixes et animées, l’audio, les pages web), dans le but de les exploiter éventuellement ultérieurement. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- la sélection des informations comme l’activité qui consiste de traiter et d’analyser le « matériau » collecté afin de déterminer les documents qui doivent ou non être archivés. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4. Méthodologie</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tel que signalé, l'étude</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> souhaite définir </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">des critères de sélection des documents pour l’archivage du web dans le cadre d’une crise comme celle du COVID19. Cet exercice s'impose en raison de sa pertinence sociale et scientifique, car elle permet d’améliorer la compréhension de la spécificité des documents numériques et des problématiques liées à leur archivage.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Une étude de cas descriptive et analytique à la fois</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">La stratégie méthodologique qui est retenue est celle de l’étude de cas. Pour ce faire, nous allons dans un premier temps recueillir les attentes des professionnels de l’information et de l’histoire en termes d’archives, dans le cadre d’un évènement comme celui qui est mis sous étude, pour pouvoir les analyser par la suite à la lumière de la littérature sur l’évaluation archivistique. L'intention qui est visée dans le cadre de cette recherche est d’aboutir à des résultats qui peuvent être adaptés à d’autres contextes. Dans les circonstances, il s'agit de voir les enseignements qui seront possibles à la lumière du traitement et de l'analyse des données. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">La technique de collecte de données</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Compte tenu des objectifs de la recherche et de la stratégie méthodologique retenue, les entretiens avec les archivistes et les historiens constituent la technique privilégiée de collecte de données dans cette étude. Ces entretiens se sont déroulés en deux phases. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes entretenus avec les archivistes ce qui nous a permis de de faire une ébauche des critères archivistiques de sélection des documents à archiver sur le web. Ces entretiens avec les archivistes tournaient autour de deux questions essentielles : </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- Si vous deviez constituer une collection d’archives du web sur le COVID19, sauriez-vous quels critères sont à retenir pour évaluer la qualité d’un document ?</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">- Connaissez-vous des éléments observables qui permettent d’identifier les critères que vous venez de définir d’un point de vue archivistique ? </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Les critères et les éléments observables retenus ont été dans un second temps soumis aux chercheurs en histoire de l’université de Yaoundé I pour qu’ils les valident et les classent par ordre de priorité et pour qu’ils ajoutent, s’il y’a lieu d’autres éléments sur lesquels on peut se baser pour effectuer la sélection des documents pour la rédaction de l’histoire. Les questions autour desquelles se sont fait les entretiens étaient les suivantes : </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Pensez à un historien qui aura la charge d’écrire l’histoire du COVID19 à partir des archives du web. Sur quels critères et éléments observables ci-dessous devra-t-il se baser pour sélectionner les documents?</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Parmi les critères et les éléments observables que vous avez choisi: les quelles vous semblent les plus importants ? Pouvez-vous nous proposer un ordre de classement ?</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Les données qui supportent l'étude</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Au regard de la nature de l’objet d’étude, iI convient de revenir sur les sources de données qui seront mises à contribution dans le cadre de cette étude de cas. La totalité, originaire de l’Université de Yaoundé I en ce qui concerne les historiens (62 chercheurs dont 22 enseignants et 40 doctorants) alors que celle qui concerne les archivistes est collectée chez cinquante-quatre professionnels exerçant dans différents secteurs (santé, assurances, éducation, banque).</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Quelques décisions relatives au choix des sources d'informations méritent d'être exposées. Ainsi, pour des raisons de faisabilité, il était impossible pour nos répondants d'observer la totalité des informations qui ont circulé sur le web à propos du COVID19. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons proposé à nos interlocuteurs de se baser sur le Cameroun que ce soit pour les sites web, les vidéos en ligne, les billets de blog, les comptes des influenceurs sur les réseaux sociaux, etc.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Il importe de signaler que cet exercice permet tout de même de faire une étude de cas qui peut être dupliquée dans d’autres contextes. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5. Résultats obtenus</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Avant la présentation des résultats, nous rappelons que l’objectif de cette étude est de définir des critères de sélection des documents web dans le cadre d’une crise comme du COVID 19. La nécessité d’établir des critères de sélection vient du fait que les documents web sont très différents des documents sur support analogique qui ont servi de base pour l’élaboration de la plupart des procédures d’évaluation des archives. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Les critères ci-dessous ont pour ambition de réduire la subjectivité du professionnel de l’information dans la constitution d’une collection d’archives web sur le COVID19. Les résultats que nous avons obtenus sont les suivants : </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5.1 Le statut de l’auteur de la publication</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Pour l’écriture de l’histoire du COVID19, le premier critère choisi par les historiens est le statut de l’auteur. Parmi les quatre éléments observables retenus pour le statut de l’auteur, la fonction de l’auteur vient en tête. Les répondants pensent qu’il faut toujours tenir compte de la fonction de celui qui publie pour donner une crédibilité à une information en ligne. Les répondants placent en deuxième position l’expertise de l’auteur, sa maitrise du sujet. Il s’agit de savoir s’il est spécialiste du domaine, s’il est fréquemment cité comme une référence en la matière ou encore est-ce qu’il dispose des travaux scientifiques sur la question. En troisième position, nous avons les personnages publics, les célébrités, les influenceurs qui n’ont pas forcément une connaissance technique de la pandémie mais leurs avis et leurs publications ont fortement influencé l’attitude du public par rapport à la pandémie. Les publications des célébrités ayant eu un impact fort sur le plus grand nombre constituent des faits qui méritent d’être conservés pour la postérité. Ce même mérite revient aussi aux anonymes dont les publications ont fait un « buzz », le sujet étant intéressant pour raconter comment la population a vécu la crise. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 1 : opinion des répondants par rapport au critère de sélection : statut de l’auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">statut de l’auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Toujours (%) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Souvent (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Officiels (gouvernement, institution)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">77,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">22,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Expert en la matière, chercheur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">66,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">25</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4,1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
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<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">personnalité public/ célébrité </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">30</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">14,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">21</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">18,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">16,1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Anonyme </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">23,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">13,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">18</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">30,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">15</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5.2 La qualité de la source </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Le deuxième critère retenu par les répondants dans le cadre de la sélection des documents web à conserver pour la rédaction de l’histoire du COVID19 est la qualité de la source d’information. Les éléments observables suivants ont été retenus par le panel pour la mesure de ce critère. Le caractère officiel ou non de la source : qu’il s’agisse d’un compte officiel dans les réseaux sociaux électroniques ou d’un site web, l’appartenance à un organisme officiel est le premier facteur de sélection de l’information dans ce critère. Le deuxième élément est la spécialisation de l’éditeur. Dans le cas particulier du COVID19, la question qui se pose est alors de savoir : l’éditeur est-il dans le domaine de la santé ? Le troisième élément observable concerne les comptes des médias. Pendant la crise, tous les médias ont publié des contenus sur la maladie. Parmi les informations à sélectionner, il y’a donc ces reportages et éditoriaux des journalistes qui sont les témoins privilégiés de l’histoire. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 2 : opinion des répondants par rapport au critère de sélection : qualité de la source</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">qualité de la source </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Toujours (%) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Souvent (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Sources officiels ou non</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">48,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">37,7 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">9,8 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Spécialisation de l’éditeur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">41,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">36,9 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">16,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4,0 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Médias reconnus</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">43,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">37,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">14,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3, 8</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1, 0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5.3 La qualité du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Le troisième critère sélectionné par les répondants est la qualité du contenu. Les éléments observables pour ce critère sont la présence dans le document des références bibliographiques, des illustrations tels que les citations, les graphiques, les images. La qualité du contenu repose aussi sur l’actualité (ou mise à jour) de l’information ainsi que l’objectivité de cette information. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 3 : opinion des répondants par rapport au critère de sélection : qualité du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">qualité du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Toujours (%) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Souvent (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Présence de références</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">58 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">31,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Présence d’illustrations, citations</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">72,9 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">25,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">0,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Actualité ou mise à jour de l’information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">34</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">30,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">19</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">14</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Objectivité de l’information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">42,5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">34</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">18,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5.4 La réaction suscitée par la publication </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Après la qualité du contenu, on retrouve la réaction suscitée par l’information sur le web. Les éléments observables suivants sont à retenir sur l’évaluation de la réaction selon nos répondants. Le premier est le nombre de partage. Il s’agit du nombre de fois où l’information a été republiée par ceux qui y ont eu accès. Le second est le nombre d’interactions qui concerne le nombre de commentaires et d’émoticônes récoltés par la publication. Plus une information suscite la réaction des internautes, plus elle est susceptible d’intéresser les personnes en charge de la rédaction de l’histoire de la crise sanitaire. Par conséquent, elle doit être conservée. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 4 : opinion des répondants par rapport à la réaction suscitée par la publication</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">réaction suscitée par la publication </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Toujours (%) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Souvent (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nombre de partage</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">41 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">43,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">6,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nombre d’interactions</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">46,9</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">31,5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">8,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">9,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">6. Discussion </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">L’étude que nous avons menée nous a permis de construire une grille de sélection qui permet de porter un jugement sur la qualité d’un document publié sur le web afin de décider de leur archivage ou non. Cette grille qui a deux colonnes dont la première concerne le critère d’évaluation et la seconde l’élément observable peut servir d’outils aux professionnels qui veulent effectuer l’archivage du web. Dans cet outil, le critère de sélection est le point de repère qui permet de porter un jugement sur un document mis en ligne tandis que l’élément observable est la manifestation concrète du critère de sélection. Dans le cadre de la sélection des documents pour l’écriture de l’histoire sur le COVID19, nous proposons la grille ci-dessous : </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 5 : critères de sélection et les éléments observables qui leurs sont attribués</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Critères de sélection </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Eléments observables </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Statut de l’auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Officiels (gouvernement), </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Expert en la matière, chercheur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">personnalité public/ célébrité </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Anonyme </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Qualité de la source</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Sources officiels ou non </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Spécialisation de l’éditeur : l’éditeur est-il dans le domaine de la santé </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Médias reconnus </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Qualité du contenu </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Présence de références </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Présence d’illustrations, citations</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Actualité ou mise à jour de l’information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Objectivité de l’information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">réaction suscitée par la publication </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nombre de partage : Nombre de personnes qui ont reposté le document ou l’information. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nombre d’interactions (Nombre de personnes qui ont réagi à la publication (commentaires, likes…)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A l’analyse, nous constatons que cette grille ne prends pas en compte tous les éléments recensés par la littérature archivistique comme essentiels dans le cadre de l’évaluation des archives définitives tels que recensés par le tableau ci-dessous : </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tableau 6. Synthèse des qualités souhaitées dans des archives définitives identifiées dans les principes généraux de la fonction d’évaluation</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">N</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Qualités identifiées</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Principe</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">du respect</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">des fonds</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Principe</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">du cycle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">de vie</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Théorie</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">des valeurs</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Nombre</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">de fois</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Accessibilité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Authenticité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Communicabilité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Complétude</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Compréhensibilité du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Contextualité des fonds</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Crédibilité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">8</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Densité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">9</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Impartialité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">10</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Intégrité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">11</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Lisibilité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">12</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Naturalité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">13</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Organicité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">14</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Preuve</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">15</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Rareté</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">16</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Représentativité organisationnelle</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:45px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">17</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:170px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Unicité</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:113px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"> </p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">X</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:85px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top">
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Source : Basma Makhlouf Shabou (2011) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">En fonction des cas et des objectifs visés par la collection d’archives du web qui est à constituer,</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">il serait intéressant que les archives sélectionnées sur la base des critères proposés dans le cadre de cet article soient passés aux cribles des critères de <span style="color:black">qualité tableau N° 6 </span>ci-dessus proposés par la littérature. Les critères d’évaluation et les éléments observables proposés dans le cadre de ce travail permettent de tenir compte de la spécificité des archives du web. Ils complètent pour ce type de document les principes d’évaluation des archives définitives déjà établi par la littérature en la matière. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:black">Conclusion</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">L’objectif poursuivi tout au long de notre recherche consistait à définir une méthode de sélection des documents dans le cadre de l’archivage du web en temps de crise. Les résultats que nous avons obtenus suite à l’analyse des données collectées auprès des archivistes et des historiens nous ont permis de définir les critères de sélection et les éléments observables qui leurs sont associés. Ces critères fournissent aux professionnelles de l’archivage des outils qui leur permettent de décider de quel document web doit être conservé et quel autre ne présente aucune valeur archivistique. Les documents les plus pertinents dans ce cadre sont donc ceux qui combinent plusieurs critères. Archiver le web dans le cadre d’un évènement comme la crise sanitaire du COVID19 revenant à créer une collection de document ayant un lien organique sur la base de critères préétabli, les critères proposés s’insèrent dans une politique de développement des collections d’archives du web dont la stratégie d’évaluation est un élément. Cette stratégie est composée des techniques archivistiques, des outils technologiques et des critères d’évaluation qui ont fait l’objet de cet article. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif""><b>Bibliographie </b></span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">ICA (Conseil international des archives) ([2020]). <i>COVID-19 – Bien documenter : un devoir plus que jamais essentiel en période de crise</i>. Repéré à</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium) (2020a). <i>Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)</i>. Repéré à <a href="https://archive-it.org/collections/13529" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">https://archive-it.org/collections/13529</a></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium) (2020b, 13 février). Novel Coronavirus outbreak: help us collect websites. Billet publié par IIPC Programme and Communications Officer. <i>Netpreserve blog</i>. Repéré à <a href="https://netpreserveblog.wordpress.com/2020/02/13/cdg-collection-novel-coronavirus/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://netpreserveblog.wordpress.com/2020/02/13/cdg-collection-novel-coronavirus/</a></span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">Labo Société Numérique (2020, 8 juin). <i>Comment les musées, services des archives et la BnF « archivent » et « documentent » la crise sanitaire</i>. Repéré à <a href="https://labo.societenumerique.gouv.fr/2020/06/08/comment-les-musees-services-des-archives-et-la-bnf-archivent-et-documentent-la-crise-sanitaire/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://labo.societenumerique.gouv.fr/2020/06/08/comment-les-musees-services-des-archives-et-la-bnf-archivent-et-documentent-la-crise-sanitaire/</a></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">Makhlouf, Basma (2009), La contribution des principes de l'évaluation archivistique aux qualités des archives définitives The contribution of the appraisal principles to the qualities of historical archives Repéré à <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26843470_La_contribution_des_principes_de_l'evaluation_archivistique_aux_qualites_des_archives_definitivesThe_contribution_of_the_appraisal_principles_to_the_qualities_of_historical_archives/citation/download" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26843470_La_contribution_des_principes_de_l'evaluation_archivistique_aux_qualites_des_archives_definitivesThe_contribution_of_the_appraisal_principles_to_the_qualities_of_historical_archives/citation/download</a> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">Makhlouf Shabou, B. (2011). Étude sur la définition et la mesure des qualités des archives définitives issues d’une évaluation</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">Makhlouf Shabou, Basma (2015), Fonction d'évaluation des archives : bilan sommaire des développements, des enjeux actuels et des défis futurs. Repéré à <a href="https://arodes.hes-so.ch/record/1530" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://arodes.hes-so.ch/record/1530</a> </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">Senellart, P. (2017). Archivage du Web</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman", "serif"">UNESCO (2020, 3 avril). <i>Transformer la menace du COVID-19 en une occasion de soutenir davantage le patrimoine documentaire</i>. Repéré à <a href="https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/dhe-covid-19-unesco_statement_fr.pdf" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/dhe-covid-19-unesco_statement_fr.pdf</a></span></span></p>
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