<p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">R&eacute;sum&eacute;</span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les exp&eacute;riences de la th&eacute;ologie de la lib&eacute;ration ont jou&eacute; un r&ocirc;le important dans la relance du mouvement populaire ha&iuml;tien qui a &eacute;t&eacute; sauvagement r&eacute;prim&eacute; par la dictature de Fran&ccedil;ois et Jean-Claude Duvalier. Pour avoir &eacute;t&eacute; des martyrs, des tenants de cette th&eacute;ologie en Ha&iuml;ti sont v&eacute;cus par des sujets du mouvement populaire post-1986 comme des figures h&eacute;ro&iuml;ques. La valorisation <i>h&eacute;ro&iuml;sante</i> de ces martyrs emp&ecirc;che les sujets en lutte </span></span><span lang="FR-HT" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">de se distancier d&rsquo;une tradition de militantisme l&eacute;gu&eacute;e par la mouvance de la th&eacute;ologie de la lib&eacute;ration et ax&eacute;e sur les luttes revendicatives au d&eacute;triment des initiatives visant la conqu&ecirc;te du pouvoir d&rsquo;&Eacute;tat. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un attachement h&eacute;t&eacute;ronome &agrave; des figures h&eacute;ro&iuml;ques. Cet attachement s&rsquo;est install&eacute; &agrave; partir de la reprise sur un mode sacralisant des id&eacute;aux symbolis&eacute;s par les figures h&eacute;ro&iuml;ques et </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">une h&eacute;ro&iuml;sation de certains sujets bas&eacute;e sur une distinction sociale et culturelle. L&rsquo;attachement aux figures h&eacute;ro&iuml;ques constitue des rep&egrave;res de sens pour les sujets du mouvement populaire. Parall&egrave;lement, cet attachement porte ceux-ci &agrave; se limiter &ndash; &agrave; leur insu &ndash; &agrave; une tradition de militantisme h&eacute;rit&eacute;e de la dynamique de luttes de la th&eacute;ologie de la lib&eacute;ration et caract&eacute;ris&eacute;e par la valorisation des luttes revendicatives et une prudence phobique vis-&agrave;-vis des appareils d&rsquo;&Eacute;tat, consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme mangeurs de conviction et d&rsquo;engagement populaire. Le processus de rem&eacute;moration par lequel les sujets actuels du mouvement populaire se r&eacute;f&egrave;rent aux exp&eacute;riences de luttes pass&eacute;es est porteur d&rsquo;une possibilit&eacute; de rupture &agrave; l&rsquo;attachement h&eacute;t&eacute;ronome puisque la rem&eacute;moration qui est travers&eacute;e par la confrontation d&rsquo;une double temporalit&eacute; sociale aide &agrave; la reconstruction de sens. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:125%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The experiences of the theology of liberation were an important contribution in the revival of the Haitian popular movement which was savagely repressed by the dictatorship of Fran&ccedil;ois and Jean-Claude Duvalier. For being martyrs, upholders of this theology in Haiti are experienced by the subjects of the post 1986 popular movement as heroic figures. The <i>heroizing</i> valorization of these martyrs prevents struggling subjects from distancing themselves from a tradition of militancy bequeathed by the movement of the theology of liberation and centered on the claiming struggles to the detriment of initiatives towards the conquest of state power. It is a heteronomous attachment to heroic figures. This attachment was established from a resumption making sacred of ideals symbolized by the heroic figures and a heroization of some subjects based on a social and cultural distinction. The attachment to heroic figures is a landmark for the subjects of the popular movement. At the same time, this attachment leads them to limit themselves &ndash; unknowingly &ndash; to a tradition of militancy bequeathed from struggle&rsquo;s dynamics of the theology of liberation and characterized by the valorization of claiming struggles and a phobic caution towards state apparatuses considered as eaters of conviction and popular commitment. The process of recollection by which the current subjects of the popular movement refer to the experiences of past struggles has possibility of breaking the heteronomous attachment because the recollection which involves the confrontation of double social temporality leads to the reconstruction of meaning.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></p>