<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">RÉSUMÉ</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">À l’origine le terme “documenteur” fait référence dans la littérature à un métrage de fiction, ou encore un canular, reprenant les codes du documentaire. Internet et l’économie de l’attention ont cependant fait émerger un nouveau type de documenteur. Si leurs motivations peuvent varier, allant du pécuniaire à l'idéologie, leur objectif est d’être utilisé dans le cadre d’une guerre informationnelle à remporter, notamment en éteignant l’esprit critique du spectateur pour susciter un maximum d’adhésion.</span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Cette publication a pour objectif de permettre le décryptage de ces objets, pour mieux les identifier, mais aussi mettre en évidence une guerre informationnelle. Est proposée une nouvelle terminologie, ainsi qu’une matrice d’analyse constituée de plusieurs critères, déclinés au fil d’un “continuum d’engagement”, qui permettra de déterminer, pour un documentaire, si ce dernier est à tendance informative, engagée, sensationnaliste ou documenteur. Trois documentaires à succès ayant été produits dans le cadre de guerres de</span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">l’information seront analysés : Loose Change, La Révélation des Pyramides, Hold-Up.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MOTS-CLÉS<br />
Manipulation de la connaissance, désinformation, guerre de l'information, mensonge, fake news, économie de l'attention</span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">“Pseudo-documentaries”, a new weapon in the information war</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SUMMARY</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The term “pseudo-documentary” originally refers to fictitious or parodic work of art that relies on the codes of the documentary. However, the Internet and the concept of attention economy have given rise to a new type of pseudo-documentary. If the motives behind these videos may vary from money-related to ideological matters, their objective is to be used in the framework of an informational war and to extinguish the spectator’s critical thinking so as to maximize commitment to the message.</span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This publication aims to ease the decoding of these media in order to better identify them, but also to evaluate with clarity that an information war is at play. We propose a new classification and a matrix comprising various criteria that are arranged in a “commitment continuum”. The tools provided in this publication will help determine, for any documentary, whether it is informative, invested, sensationalist, or a mockumentary. Three highly mediatized documentaries having been produced in the context of information wars will be analyzed with this matrix: Loose Change, La Révélation des Pyramides, and Hold-up.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">KEYWORDS<br />
Knowledge manipulation, disinformation, information war, deception, fake news, attention economy</span></span></span></span></span></p>