<p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">1. Introduction</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">En &eacute;cho &agrave; la mont&eacute;e en puissance des crises &eacute;cologiques, climatiques, socio-&eacute;conomiques et sanitaires dans le d&eacute;bat public, la question environnementale s&rsquo;immisce dans un nombre croissant de disciplines scientifiques, comme en t&eacute;moignent l&rsquo;&eacute;mergence de la psychologie environnementale, de l&rsquo;&eacute;conomie &eacute;cologique ou de l&rsquo;anthropologie de lanature. Depuis les ann&eacute;es 2000, deux courants distincts tentent d&rsquo;associer certaines de ces disciplines : la science de la durabilit&eacute; (SD) et les humanit&eacute;s environnementales (HE)<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a>.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La SD se d&eacute;finit comme une science contribuant au d&eacute;veloppement durable, dans lequel les soci&eacute;t&eacute;s ne d&eacute;passent ni un &laquo;&nbsp;plafond &eacute;cologique&nbsp;&raquo;, fix&eacute; par diff&eacute;rentes limites plan&eacute;taires (Rockstr&ouml;m et al., 2009), ni un &laquo;&nbsp;plancher social&nbsp;&raquo; d&eacute;fini par les composantes du bien-&ecirc;tre humain&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Raworth, 2012)</span>. Ce courant se d&eacute;finit ainsi par les questions et probl&egrave;mes qu&rsquo;il aborde, en l&rsquo;occurrence les &laquo;&nbsp;probl&egrave;mes complexes&nbsp;&raquo; de durabilit&eacute;, plut&ocirc;t que par les disciplines qu&rsquo;il mobilise&nbsp;</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Clark &amp; Dickson, 2003; Kates, 2011)</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. En outre, la SD rompt avec la neutralit&eacute; dont se pr&eacute;valent habituellement les sciences de la nature, et assume une posture engag&eacute;e et un lien plus fort entre les scientifiques et la soci&eacute;t&eacute;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Clark &amp; Dickson, 2003)</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Enfin, la SD a une vis&eacute;e transformatrice&nbsp;: les connaissances produites doivent conduire &agrave; des actions concr&egrave;tes et transformer les interactions entre les humains et leur environnement&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Kates, 2011)</span>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;De leur c&ocirc;t&eacute;, les HE t&eacute;moignent d&rsquo;une volont&eacute; croissante des sciences humaines et sociales d&rsquo;investir le champ des &eacute;tudes environnementales, en plaidant pour des approches interdisciplinaires et un dialogue entre les sciences et les soci&eacute;t&eacute;s&nbsp;(Rose et al., 2012&nbsp;; Granjou, 2017). Les HE visent &agrave; enrichir les sciences de l&rsquo;environnement d&rsquo;analyses historiques, sociales, culturelles, politiques et &eacute;thiques&nbsp;(Rose et al., 2012). Tout comme la SD, elles entendent rompre avec une structuration de la science en silos&nbsp;: elles se d&eacute;finissent d&rsquo;abord par&nbsp;leur objet et leurs questions d&rsquo;&eacute;tude, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire les interrelations complexes entre les humains, leurs activit&eacute;s et l&rsquo;environnement, plut&ocirc;t que par leur ancrage disciplinaire&nbsp;(Celka et al., 2020). Enfin, les HE proposent une science engag&eacute;e, voire transgressive (e.g. Hamilton et Neimanis, 2019).</p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ainsi, en d&eacute;pit de gen&egrave;ses diff&eacute;renci&eacute;es, les ambitions de ces deux courants convergent pour&nbsp;f&eacute;d&eacute;rer des recherches autour des questions environnementales et red&eacute;finir et renforcer les relations science-soci&eacute;t&eacute;. Ces deux courants font aussi l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une reconnaissance institutionnelle croissante (au sein de l&rsquo;UNESCO, des programmes ANR, de revues d&eacute;di&eacute;es ou de parcours de Master).<em>&nbsp;</em>Notre objectif dans le cadre du pr&eacute;sent colloque est de mieux comprendre les contours respectifs de ces deux courants scientifiques et d&rsquo;identifier leurs &eacute;ventuelles diff&eacute;rences et compl&eacute;mentarit&eacute;s. Il semble en effet que tous deux soient engag&eacute;s dans deux dynamiques convergentes, mais avec des trajectoires oppos&eacute;es, les HE cherchant &agrave; int&eacute;grer les dimensions biophysiques de l&rsquo;environnement dans les sciences humaines et sociales, tandis que la SD part des sciences de la nature et de l&rsquo;ing&eacute;nieur pour int&eacute;grer davantage les dimensions sociales des questions &eacute;cologiques. Compte tenu de leurs ambitions respectives, les deux courants portent-ils des regards similaires, ou au contraire contrast&eacute;s, sur les enjeux environnementaux ?</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2. M&eacute;thodes</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nous avons conduit une analyse de la litt&eacute;rature scientifique associ&eacute;e &agrave; ces deux courants &agrave; travers deux requ&ecirc;tes standardis&eacute;es sur la base de donn&eacute;es Scopus. Notre strat&eacute;gie de recherche a &eacute;t&eacute; d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre aussi neutre que possible&nbsp;; nous avons donc utilis&eacute; les expressions (en anglais) &laquo;&nbsp;science de la durabilit&eacute;&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;humanit&eacute;s environnementales&nbsp;&raquo; pour identifier les corpus, ce qui a men&eacute; &agrave; la constitution de deux corpus h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&egrave;nes en termes de nombre de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences (1872 documents au total&nbsp;; Figure 1).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 11px; text-align: center;"><img height="138" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image2.png" width="375" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 1&nbsp;: Identification de deux corpus bibliographiques et nombre de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences consid&eacute;r&eacute;es.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nous avons ensuite conduit une cartographie bibliographique de chaque courant &agrave; l&rsquo;aide du logiciel VosViewer (van Eck et Waltman, 2010), en explorant l&#39;&eacute;volution du nombre annuel de publications, les revues les plus repr&eacute;sent&eacute;es, les auteur.ices les plus prolifiques et les publications et journaux les plus cit&eacute;s. Nous avons &eacute;galement analys&eacute; la co-occurrence des mots-cl&eacute;s renseign&eacute;s par les auteur.ices pour identifier les principales th&eacute;matiques abord&eacute;es par chacun des deux courants de recherche, et &eacute;tudi&eacute; les liens de co-citations entre journaux pour &eacute;valuer le degr&eacute; de dialogue entre les deux.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="line-height: 15.693334px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-variant-caps: normal;"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="letter-spacing: normal;"><span style="text-transform: none;"><span style="white-space: normal;"><span style="word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="line-height: 17.120001px;"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><font size="3">En compl&eacute;ment, nous avons r&eacute;alis&eacute; une analyse lexicale sur la base des r&eacute;sum&eacute;s disponibles avec le logiciel IraMuteQ (http://www.iramuteq.org/). Nous avons men&eacute; une analyse en groupes hi&eacute;rarchiques descendants (DHCA64), chaque groupe contenant les articles dont les r&eacute;sum&eacute;s utilisent un champ lexical proche. Les mots composants ce lexique sont en outre caract&eacute;ris&eacute; par leur distance relative les uns par rapport aux autres, ce qui permet de les situer dans un espace &agrave; plusieurs dimensions, et de les regrouper en diff&eacute;rentes classes lexicales. Ainsi, chaque classe se caract&eacute;rise par la pr&eacute;sence/absence de mots, ainsi que par la sur-repr&eacute;sentation de certains mots. Par ailleurs, un test de distribution du &chi;<sup>2</sup></font><span style="font-size: 21.333334px;">&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a&nbsp;permis d&rsquo;estimer si une classe lexicale donn&eacute;e est statistiquement associ&eacute;e &agrave; un corpus donn&eacute; (SD ou HE), autrement dit d&rsquo;&eacute;valuer si un corpus donn&eacute; utilise davantage que l&rsquo;autre une classe lexicale donn&eacute;e.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Enfin, une s&eacute;lection de documents (op&eacute;r&eacute;e en combinant un &eacute;chantillonnage raisonn&eacute; et un &eacute;chantillonnage al&eacute;atoire) issus des deux corpus ont &eacute;t&eacute; analys&eacute;s de fa&ccedil;on qualitative et cod&eacute;s selon une grille d&rsquo;analyse articul&eacute;e autour de trois grandes th&eacute;matiques&nbsp;: la vis&eacute;e transformatrice des travaux, la place accord&eacute;e &agrave; la co-construction des savoirs et la prise en compte des dimensions sensibles des relations soci&eacute;t&eacute;s-environnements. Nous avons formul&eacute; des hypoth&egrave;ses sur le positionnement de ces deux courants face &agrave; ces trois th&eacute;matiques, que nous avons confirm&eacute;es ou infirm&eacute;es gr&acirc;ce &agrave; nos lectures.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3. R&eacute;sultats</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><i><u><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3.1. Deux courants qui pr&eacute;sentent un d&eacute;calage temporel&nbsp;</span></span></span></u></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La SD apparait dans la litt&eacute;rature d&egrave;s 2001 tandis que le courant des HE gagne en visibilit&eacute; surtout &agrave; partir de 2010 (Figure 2). Ce d&eacute;calage de 10 ans explique en partie que le corpus HE soit moins volumineux que le corpus SD.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 11px; text-align: center;"><img height="190" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image3.png" width="253" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 2&nbsp;: &Eacute;volution temporelle du nombre de documents composants les deux corpus.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><i><u><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3.2. Des paysages scientifiques contrast&eacute;s, une interconnaissance limit&eacute;e</span></span></span></u></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;analyse quantitative montre que la SD et les HE constituent deux courants scientifiques distincts, entre lesquels les liens sont t&eacute;nus.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le premier indicateur de cette diff&eacute;renciation concerne les revues dans lesquelles les chercheur.ses des deux courants publient. Sur l&rsquo;ensemble des revues investies par la SD et les HE (468), seules 22 revues sont communes (Figure 3). Parmi les 20 principales revues, seulement deux sont communes (<i>GAIA</i>&nbsp;et&nbsp;<i>Ambio</i>).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><v:rect filled="f" id="Rectangle_x0020_10" o:gfxdata="UEsDBBQABgAIAAAAIQC75UiUBQEAAB4CAAATAAAAW0NvbnRlbnRfVHlwZXNdLnhtbKSRvU7DMBSF dyTewfKKEqcMCKEmHfgZgaE8wMW+SSwc27JvS/v23KTJgkoXFsu+P+c7Ol5vDoMTe0zZBl/LVVlJ 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height:53.2pt; z-index:251669504"><v:textbox></v:textbox></v:rect></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Deuxi&egrave;mement, sur le total d&rsquo;environ 4500 auteur.ices comptabilis&eacute;.es dans ce travail (3958 pour la SD, 561 pour les HE), seuls 26 auteur.ices sont r&eacute;pertori&eacute;.es dans les deux corpus (Figure 4). Par ailleurs, parmi les 20 principaux auteur.ices qui alimentent chacun des deux corpus, aucun n&rsquo;est commun aux deux (Figure 4).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Finalement, SD et HE &eacute;voluent dans des p&eacute;rim&egrave;tres distincts, dans lesquels les auteur.ices et les revues ne se recoupent que tr&egrave;s peu. Pour aller plus loin, nous avons explor&eacute; les liens d&rsquo;inter-citations entre les principales revues. Nous avons mis en &eacute;vidence que les articles publi&eacute;s dans les revues sp&eacute;cialistes des HE (<i>Geography Compass, Cultural Studies Review, Dialogues in Human Geography&nbsp;</i>ou encore<i>&nbsp;Anthropocene Review)</i>&nbsp;ne sont que tr&egrave;s peu cit&eacute;es dans les revues relatives &agrave; la SD (comme&nbsp;<i>Sustainability Science, Sustainability&nbsp;</i>ou<i>&nbsp;Ecological Economics</i>) (Figure 5). Par ailleurs, les chercheur.ses qui publient dans les &lsquo;revues SD&rsquo; citent des publications de 16 revues SD et 5 revues HE ou mixtes, ce qui n&rsquo;est pas le cas pour les &lsquo;revues HE&rsquo; qui se citent relativement peu entre elles (Figure 5). Le courant des HE semble plus disparate et moins f&eacute;d&eacute;r&eacute; que le courant de la SD.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 35.4pt; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 11px; text-align: center;"><img height="185" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image4.png" width="396" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 3&nbsp;: Principales revues des courants SD et HE.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-indent: 35.4pt; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 11px; text-align: center;"><img height="213" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image5.png" width="454" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 4&nbsp;: Principaux auteur.ices publiant dans les courants de la SD et des HE.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><img height="382" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image6.png" width="461" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 5&nbsp;: Liens d&rsquo;inter-citations entre les revues des deux corpus.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nous avons &eacute;galement analys&eacute; les th&eacute;matiques abord&eacute;es par ces deux courants en nous int&eacute;ressant aux mots-cl&eacute;s renseign&eacute;s par les auteur.ices eux-m&ecirc;mes. Parmi les 44 mots-cl&eacute;s utilis&eacute;s dans les HE, une dizaine qualifient des enjeux environnementaux (<i>global change, pollution, biodiversity</i>), huit les questions de pouvoir, de justice et d&rsquo;in&eacute;galit&eacute;s, six sont associ&eacute;s &agrave; des concepts et aux ontologies (<i>new materialism, posthumanism, anthropocene ou environementalism</i>), et enfin cinq renvoient aux dimensions sensibles des relations soci&eacute;t&eacute;-environnement (Figure 6). A l&rsquo;inverse les aspects d&rsquo;interface science-soci&eacute;t&eacute; et d&rsquo;&eacute;ducation sont peu repr&eacute;sent&eacute;s dans les mots-cl&eacute;s.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: center;"><img height="257" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image7.png" width="454" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 6&nbsp;: Cartographie des 44 mots-cl&eacute;s les plus utilis&eacute;s dans le corpus HE.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;En ce qui concerne le corpus de la SD, les mots-cl&eacute;s qui sont bien repr&eacute;sent&eacute;s concernent les enjeux environnementaux, les approches syst&egrave;miques, l&rsquo;&eacute;valuation &eacute;cologique (<i>sustainability assessment, life cycle analysis)</i>, l&rsquo;interface science-soci&eacute;t&eacute;, l&rsquo;&eacute;ducation et la transformation. Les mots-cl&eacute;s portant sur les rapports de pouvoir, les in&eacute;galit&eacute;s, les concepts et les ontologies sont quant &agrave; eux minoritaires (Figure 7).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: center;"><img height="249" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image8.png" width="430" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 7&nbsp;: Cartographie des 47 mots-cl&eacute;s les plus utilis&eacute;s dans le corpus SD.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Sur la base de cette analyse, nous avons compar&eacute; les occurrences de chaque th&eacute;matique dans les deux corpus (Figure 8). Cette comparaison sugg&egrave;re que les HE se focalisent notamment sur les dimensions politiques et ontologiques des enjeux environnementaux, alors que la SD met l&rsquo;accent sur l&rsquo;am&eacute;lioration des connaissances via une approche syst&eacute;mique, ainsi que sur la diffusion de ces connaissances que ce soit via les interfaces science-soci&eacute;t&eacute;-politique ou l&rsquo;&eacute;ducation et l&rsquo;apprentissage social.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: center;"><img height="208" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image9.png" width="463" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 8&nbsp;: Comparaison des occurrences des th&eacute;matiques dans les deux corpus.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><i><u><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3.3. Des convergences et similarit&eacute;s, une interconnaissance &agrave; d&eacute;velopper</span></span></span></u></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Si la cartographie bibliographique a r&eacute;v&eacute;l&eacute; des divergences entre la SD et les HE, l&rsquo;analyse lexicale (portant sur les r&eacute;sum&eacute;s) et l&rsquo;analyse qualitative (portant sur l&rsquo;int&eacute;gralit&eacute; d&rsquo;une s&eacute;lection de documents) permettent de nuancer ce constat et de mettre en avant des convergences. L&rsquo;analyse lexicale montre l&rsquo;existence de cinq groupes lexicaux, qui couvrent plus de 95% des r&eacute;sum&eacute;s, et qui sont tous pr&eacute;sents dans les deux corpus. Par rapport &agrave; une distribution purement al&eacute;atoire, la SD mobilisent davantage la Classe1 et les HE mobilisent davantage les Classes 3 et 4 (Figure 9).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 11px; text-align: center;"><img height="324" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_2885_27_image10.png" width="454" /></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2e74b5">Figure 9&nbsp;: Extrait de l&rsquo;analyse lexicale.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:center; margin-top:8px; margin-right:19px; margin-bottom:24px; margin-left:19px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 8px 19px 24px; text-align: left;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La premi&egrave;re hypoth&egrave;se que nous avons formul&eacute;e dans le cadre de l&rsquo;analyse qualitative est que &laquo;&nbsp;<i>les vis&eacute;es transformatrices de la SD est plut&ocirc;t techniciste, elle cible les socio-&eacute;cosyst&egrave;mes en recherchant des effets tangibles et mesurables ; les vis&eacute;es transformatrices des HE sont plus radicales, elles ciblent le politique, les ontologies et les modes de pens&eacute;e dominants&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;</i>(notre propre formulation). Une partie de nos lectures issues du corpus SD vise effectivement des transformations directes, via des solutions techniques et pratiques, avec une recherche d&rsquo;effets tangibles sur le terrain&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Childers et al., 2014).&nbsp;</span>Toutefois, dans de nombreux &eacute;crits, associ&eacute;s &agrave; la SD comme aux HE, il ressort que ces transformations directes s&rsquo;accompagnent de changements plus profonds, concernant les&nbsp;<span style="color:black">repr&eacute;sentations ou les modes de pens&eacute;es dominants&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Blaise et al., 2017; Taylor &amp; Pacini-Ketchabaw, 2015)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">, l&rsquo;identit&eacute; ou les valeurs (Brown et al., 2019; Celka et al., 2020), les approches scientifiques&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Bennett &amp; Roth, 2019)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&nbsp;ou encore les relations internationales (Burke et al., 2016).&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La seconde hypoth&egrave;se concerne la co-construction des savoirs&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;<i>Bien que la SD et les HE aient en commun de s&#39;int&eacute;resser &agrave; l&#39;analyse des jeux d&#39;acteurs au sein des processus de co-construction, les HE s&rsquo;int&eacute;ressent davantage aux relations de pouvoir, avec la volont&eacute; de renverser les rapports de force&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;</i>(notre propre formulation). Nos lectures ont confirm&eacute; que si les deux courants cherchent &agrave; impliquer des acteur.ices non-acad&eacute;miques dans la production de connaissances, ils le font dans une perspective diff&eacute;rente, en particulier vis-&agrave;-vis de la place donn&eacute;e aux jeux de pouvoir. Pour les HE, les jeux de pouvoir sont un objet d&rsquo;&eacute;tude &agrave; part enti&egrave;re, investi &agrave; travers des approches postcoloniales ou f&eacute;ministes par exemple&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Blaise et al., 2017; DeLoughrey et al., 2015; Pain, 2019; Taylor &amp; Pacini-Ketchabaw, 2015)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Dans la SD, les rapports de force sont davantage un point de vigilance dans la mise en place de d&eacute;marches multi-acteur.ices qu&rsquo;une probl&eacute;matique en tant que telle&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Alr&oslash;e et al., 2017)</span>. Finalement, les deux courants ont des objectifs diff&eacute;rents, ce qui se r&eacute;percute sur la mani&egrave;re dont sont impliqu&eacute;s les acteur.ices non-acad&eacute;miques. La SD parle de &laquo;&nbsp;co-construction des savoirs&nbsp;&raquo; comme d&rsquo;un imp&eacute;ratif normatif&nbsp;; les chercheur.ses sont invit&eacute;s &agrave; jouer un r&ocirc;le concret dans la mise en place de dispositifs d&rsquo;innovations multi-acteur.ices&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Miller &amp; Wyborn, 2020)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Pour les HE, qui parlent davantage de &laquo;&nbsp;r&eacute;gimes de production de la v&eacute;rit&eacute;&nbsp;&raquo;, il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une r&eacute;alit&eacute; d&eacute;j&agrave; &agrave; l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre&nbsp;: les chercheur.ses observent des rapports de force existants voire agissent sur eux, parfois &laquo;&nbsp;de l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur&nbsp;&raquo;, &agrave; travers des postures d&rsquo;immersion, voire de militantisme (Burke et al., 2016).&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Enfin, la derni&egrave;re hypoth&egrave;se que nous avons formul&eacute;e concerne les dimensions sensibles des relations soci&eacute;t&eacute;-environnement&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;<i>Si elles int&egrave;grent toutes les deux les dimensions sensibles, le courant de la SD les aborde de fa&ccedil;on p&eacute;riph&eacute;rique via des approches syst&eacute;miques (e.g. mod&eacute;lisation participative) tandis que les HE les traitent de mani&egrave;re qualitative et en font un objet central de recherche&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;</i>(notre propre formulation)<i>.&nbsp;</i>Nos lectures confirment que dans la SD, les dimensions sensibles sont &eacute;mergentes, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire marginales mais en d&eacute;veloppement&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Heinrichs, 2019)</span>. Cette dimension est abord&eacute;e via des concepts comme l&rsquo;attachement ou la valeur relationnelle&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Brown et al., 2019; Stenseke, 2018)</span>, ou est int&eacute;gr&eacute;e dans des cadres d&rsquo;analyse plus larges, comme celui des socio-&eacute;cosyst&egrave;mes, &agrave; travers les concepts de services &eacute;cosyst&eacute;miques culturels par exemple&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(de Groot &amp; Braat, 2015; Musacchio, 2009; Wu, 2013)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. En revanche, la place des dimensions sensibles est centrale, voire inh&eacute;rente, aux HE. Elles sont &agrave; la fois un objet de recherche, une posture de recherche et un moyen de diffuser la connaissance, par exemple &agrave; travers des dispositifs artistiques&nbsp;<span style="color:black">(Neimanis et al., 2015)</span>. Malgr&eacute; ces diff&eacute;rences, la SD et les HE convergent dans une certaine mesure&nbsp;: ces deux courants reconnaissent le r&ocirc;le transformateur que peut avoir la prise en compte de ces dimensions sensibles, postulant que l&rsquo;&laquo;&nbsp;&eacute;cologie int&eacute;rieure&nbsp;&raquo; ou le &laquo;&nbsp;monde int&eacute;rieur&nbsp;&raquo; des individus est en partie &agrave; l&rsquo;origine des probl&egrave;mes environnementaux et que sa transformation peut donc apporter des solutions &agrave; certains grands d&eacute;fis actuels (Ives, 2020).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">4. Limites de notre approche et pistes d&rsquo;approfondissement</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La pr&eacute;sente &eacute;tude comporte plusieurs limites. Des biais existent en relation avec le choix de la base de donn&eacute;es Scopus car certaines recherches sont sous-repr&eacute;sent&eacute;es, en particulier celles qui sont publi&eacute;es dans des revues non-anglophones, qui ne sont pas orient&eacute;es vers l&rsquo;international, qui sont faiblement cit&eacute;es, qui sont issues du monde non-occidental, ou qui sont issues des sciences humaines et sociales&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(Mongeon &amp; Paul-Hus, 2016; Zhu &amp; Liu, 2020)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Les analyses quantitative et lexicale pourraient &ecirc;tre enrichies par de nouvelles requ&ecirc;tes, avec des mots-cl&eacute;s suppl&eacute;mentaires ou en utilisant de nouvelles bases de donn&eacute;es. Ensuite, l&rsquo;analyse quantitative invisibilise les &eacute;l&eacute;ments marginaux num&eacute;riquement parlant, mais pourtant r&eacute;v&eacute;lateurs de certains processus, par exemple le fait que les relations sciences-soci&eacute;t&eacute;s sont trait&eacute;es de longue date par les Humanit&eacute;s.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les pistes d&rsquo;approfondissement de ce travail concernent principalement l&rsquo;analyse qualitative, qui reste &agrave; affiner gr&acirc;ce &agrave; la lecture d&rsquo;un plus grand nombre d&rsquo;&eacute;crits et gr&acirc;ce &agrave; une approche qui permettrait aussi de mieux appr&eacute;hender les trajectoires et &eacute;volutions de chacun des deux courants. Il est en effet envisageable que ce travail qualitatif plus soutenu permettrait une meilleure mise en coh&eacute;rence des trois approches, quantitative, lexicale et qualitative.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">5. Conclusion</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Au sein de la SD, on voit de nouvelles th&eacute;matiques de recherche &eacute;merger, notamment le d&eacute;passement de la dichotomie entre nature et culture, la mobilisation des arts et la prise en compte des relations de pouvoir. Les HE ont men&eacute; de nombreuses r&eacute;flexions, notamment &agrave; travers les approches post-humanistes ou &eacute;co-f&eacute;ministes, qui pourraient &ecirc;tre sources d&rsquo;inspiration pour la SD. Au-del&agrave;, les HE ont cr&eacute;&eacute; un dialogue int&eacute;gr&eacute; entre sciences humaines et sociales d&rsquo;une part, et avec les sciences biophysiques d&rsquo;autre part. Sur ce point, la SD semblent avoir fait un pas d&eacute;cisif, notamment via la mobilisation des concepts de socio-&eacute;cosyst&egrave;mes et des approches de mod&eacute;lisation multi-acteur.ices.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:15.693334px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:17.120001px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Pour conclure, notre &eacute;tude r&eacute;v&egrave;le l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;un espace pour des rencontres fertiles entre les courants SD et HE, qui pr&eacute;sentent des domaines de compl&eacute;mentarit&eacute;. L&rsquo;enjeu des interactions &agrave; venir est d&rsquo;&eacute;viter de durcir l&rsquo;opposition entre la posture de radicalit&eacute; politique des HE et la posture pragmatique de la SD. A l&rsquo;issue de ce travail, nous retenons qu&rsquo;au-del&agrave; des distinctions observ&eacute;es entre la SD et les HE, un dialogue constructif est non seulement possible entre ces deux courants, mais qu&rsquo;il est d&eacute;j&agrave; &agrave; l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre, ne serait-ce qu&rsquo;au sein de notre collectif de l&rsquo;UMR SENS.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="margin-top:16px; text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:19.973333px"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">6. 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A tale of two databases: the use of Web of Science and Scopus in academic papers.&nbsp;</span><i><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Scientometrics</span></i><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">,&nbsp;<i>123</i>, 321&ndash;335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03387-8</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <div style="text-align:start; text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif"><a href="applewebdata://62AEFCC5-DD85-45B4-95EB-0C6193F6CB9D#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:14.266666px"><span style="font-family:Calibri, sans-serif">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a>&nbsp;<span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans cet article, nous utilisons SD au singulier et HE au pluriel, suivant ainsi l&rsquo;usage le plus fr&eacute;quent dans la litt&eacute;rature scientifique internationale relative &agrave; la&nbsp;<i>Sustainability Science</i>&nbsp;et aux&nbsp;<i>Environmental Humanities</i>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> <p style="text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:11px">&nbsp;</p>