<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:12.0pt">La Bolivie est le produit des traditions d&rsquo;une population majoritairement native et des cons&eacute;quences de la colonisation espagnole. Elle conserve &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur de ses fronti&egrave;res une diversit&eacute; de cultures r&eacute;gies, pendant la majeure partie de son histoire, par une oligarchie qui profite des richesses naturelles, exploite les natifs et pr&eacute;serve ses privil&egrave;ges par la violence. Ce pays est donc un territoire de confrontation entre des visions divergentes du monde.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Jorge Sanjin&eacute;s (La Paz, 1937), cin&eacute;aste engag&eacute;, expose sa vision de la nature de ce conflit dans une douzaine des films r&eacute;alis&eacute;s au cours de soixante ans de&nbsp;</span><a href="http://carri.re/" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">carri&egrave;re</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt">. Son &oelig;uvre est le fruit d&rsquo;une relation &eacute;troite entre sa pens&eacute;e politique et l&rsquo;histoire bolivienne. Sanjin&eacute;s pr&ocirc;ne une r&eacute;volution dans la narration visuelle, voulant s&rsquo;&eacute;loigner des formes qu&rsquo;il consid&egrave;re comme excessivement occidentales, afin de cr&eacute;er un cin&eacute;ma natif, compris comme un moyen d&rsquo;expression collectif plut&ocirc;t que comme l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre d&rsquo;un seul et unique artiste. Il revendique un &laquo;&nbsp;h&eacute;ros populaire/collectif&nbsp;&raquo; incarn&eacute; par les peuples aymaras et quechuas.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Yawar Mallku</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> (Le sang du Condor, 1969), est en ce sens un film exemplaire de la d&eacute;marche de Sanjin&eacute;s. Il &eacute;voque un fait r&eacute;el&nbsp;: le programme de st&eacute;rilisation sans consentement des femmes aymaras en Bolivie, men&eacute; par les Corps de la Paix, agence li&eacute;e au gouvernement Kennedy. A sa sortie, le film provoque un tsunami politique en Bolivie&nbsp;: manifestations, d&eacute;bats dans les m&eacute;dias, interdictions, r&eacute;pression polici&egrave;re et pour finir, expulsion des agents am&eacute;ricains du territoire bolivien.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><font color="#222222"><b>Abstract</b></font></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="color:#222222">Bolivia is the outcome of predominantly native traditions mixed with the consequences of Spanish colonization. For the most part of its history, it consisted of a diverse culture ruled by an oligarchy that exploited the natives and natural resources, and maintained its privileges through violence. Consequently, this country became a land where two diverging visions of the world met.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="color:#222222">Jorge Sanjin&eacute;s (La Paz, 1937), an activist filmmaker, presents his vision of this conflict in a dozen of films over the course of sixty years. His work is the result of an intimate relationship between his political beliefs and Bolivian history. Sanjin&eacute;s advocates for a revolution through visual storytelling, distancing himself from forms he considers excessively western. He creates a native cinema, reflecting a collective form of expression rather than the work of a single artist, making the Aymara and the Quechua people the &ldquo;popular/collective hero&rdquo;.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="color:#222222">Yawar Mallku (The Blood of the Condor, 1969) is an example of Sanjin&eacute;s&#39;s approach. It revolves around a true event in Bolivia&rsquo;s history: the sterilization of Aymara women in Bolivia without their consent, carried out by the Peace Corps, an agency linked to the Kennedy government. Once released, the film took the country by a political storm: demonstrations, mediatised debates, bans, repression by the police, and, finally, the expulsion of American entities from Bolivian territory.</span></span></span></span></span></p>