<p style="text-align:justify"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute; : </strong></p> <p style="text-align:justify">Se pourrait-il que parler une langue &eacute;trang&egrave;re s&rsquo;annonce comme la r&eacute;ponse &agrave; des besoins clairement identifi&eacute;s entra&icirc;nant une motivation juste suffisante pour atteindre l&rsquo;objectif vis&eacute;&nbsp;?</p> <p style="text-align:justify">En ces temps soucieux d&rsquo;optimiser l&rsquo;enseignement-apprentissage des langues (comme de toute chose), il appara&icirc;t que l&rsquo;analyse des besoins oriente l&rsquo;investissement n&eacute;cessaire &agrave; la conqu&ecirc;te d&rsquo;une nouvelle comp&eacute;tence en hi&eacute;rarchisant ses fins (A1, B2, etc.) pond&eacute;rant ainsi l&rsquo;attente-motivation des buts&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;<em>Je peux communiquer de fa&ccedil;on simple&nbsp;; Je peux d&eacute;velopper un point de vue sur un sujet d&rsquo;actualit&eacute;, etc.</em>&nbsp;&raquo; (CECR&nbsp;: 3.3, p. 25-27). Mais encore, cette <em>approche totalement nouvelle</em> d&rsquo;une langue (<em>ibid</em>.&nbsp;: 4<sup>e</sup> de couv.) permettra de circonscrire le secteur linguistique opportun&nbsp;: FLE, FLS, FOS&hellip;qui correspondra le mieux aux attentes-besoins que cette comp&eacute;tence comblera selon le principe &laquo;&nbsp;<em>amaguiz</em>&nbsp;&raquo;<sup><a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">1</a></sup>&nbsp;(<em>ibid</em>.&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;&agrave; votre guise&nbsp;&raquo;, p. 4) et qui r&eacute;sume assez bien l&rsquo;ambition de cette &laquo;<em>&nbsp;langue(s) de service</em>&nbsp;&raquo;<sup><a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">2</a></sup>&nbsp;en m&ecirc;me temps qu&rsquo;elle rassure tout un chacun sur sa grande libert&eacute; de choix&nbsp;; cependant que le Cadre s&rsquo;emploie &agrave; convaincre toute l&rsquo;U.E. qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y a qu&rsquo;une seule voie de salut (<em><span style="font-size:12.16px">ibid</span></em>. : 1.2). Il <a name="_GoBack4"></a>para&icirc;tra donc &eacute;vident que la nouvelle approche cadre r&eacute;pondra aux besoins de tout le monde et que, chacun y trouvant la r&eacute;ponse escompt&eacute;e, aura cons&eacute;quemment la motivation idoine.</p> <p style="text-align:justify">Or, si l&rsquo;on suit l&rsquo;&eacute;tude syst&eacute;matique de <em>La motivation</em> avec <em>La pyramide des besoins</em> de A. Maslow, il n&rsquo;est pas certain que les besoins s&rsquo;expriment aussi clairement et, qu&rsquo;en toute logique, les mobiles agissent pour confirmer la coh&eacute;rence de l&rsquo;encha&icirc;nement&nbsp;: besoin-motivation-action. Car, les besoins se hi&eacute;rarchisent d&rsquo;abord selon des degr&eacute;s de pr&eacute;pond&eacute;rance al&eacute;atoire et ils &eacute;chappent finalement &agrave; toute pr&eacute;diction. Dans ces conditions, les certitudes d&rsquo;un mod&egrave;le d&rsquo;acquisition de type r&eacute;solument actionnel-fonctionnel (CECR&nbsp;: 2.1.5) s&rsquo;effritent, comme le doute s&rsquo;immisce dans la pens&eacute;e d&eacute;terministe&nbsp;: les moyens n&rsquo;assurent pas n&eacute;cessairement les fins. Sans compter que, chez ceux qui habitent en langue &eacute;trang&egrave;re, <em>M. Marzano</em> et <em>A. Mizubayashi</em> convoqu&eacute;s, c&rsquo;est une question vitale&nbsp;: de faim, essentielle au d&eacute;sir-nourriture d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre-au-monde o&ugrave; se loge toute parole humaine, m&ecirc;me d&eacute;butante et imparfaite, irr&eacute;ductible &agrave; un langage v&eacute;hicule-moyen de communication.</p> <p><strong>Abstract :</strong></p> <p>Could it be that speaking a foreign language promises to be the answer to clearly identified needs resulting in just enough motivation to achieve the desired objective?</p> <p>In these times of optimising the teaching-learning of languages (as with everything else), it appears that the analysis of needs guides the investment needed to acquire a new skill by prioritising its ends (A1, B2, etc.), thus weighing up the expectation-motivation of the goals: &quot;I can communicate in a simple way; I can develop a point of view on a current subject, etc.&quot;. &quot;(CEFR: 3.3, pp. 25-27). But again, this completely new approach to a language (ibid.: 4 de couv.) will make it possible to identify the appropriate language sector: FLE, FLS, FOS...that best corresponds to the expectations-needs that this skill will meet according to the &quot;amaguiz&quot; principle1 (ibid.: &quot;as you wish&quot;, p. 4) and which sums up fairly well the ambition of this &quot;language(s) of service &quot;2 while at the same time reassuring everyone of his or her great freedom of choice; while the Framework is working to convince the whole E.U. that there is only one way of salvation (ibid.: 1.2). It will therefore become clear that the new framework approach will meet everyone&#39;s needs and that, since everyone will find in it the answer they are looking for, they will consequently have the right motivation.</p> <p>Now, if we follow the systematic study of Motivation with A&#39;s Pyramid of Needs. Maslow, it is not certain that the needs are expressed so clearly and that, logically, the motives act to confirm the coherence of the sequence: need-motivation-action. For, needs are initially hierarchical according to degrees of random preponderance and they ultimately escape prediction. Under these conditions, the certainties of a resolutely action-functional type of acquisition model (CEFR: 2.1.5) are eroded, just as doubt enters into deterministic thinking: the means do not necessarily ensure the ends. Not to mention that, among those who live in a foreign language, M. Marzano and A. Mizubayashi summoned, it is a vital question: of hunger, essential to the desire-food of being-in-the-world where all human speech, even beginner and imperfect, is housed, irreducible to a vehicle-medium language of communication.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>V&eacute;ronique Dagues - Universit&eacute; de Franche Comt&eacute;</p> <p><a href="mailto:veronique.dagues@orange.fr">veronique.dagues@orange.fr</a></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>