<h2 align="justify">Introduction<span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></span></h2>

<p>Le tableau de bord est un outil d’échanges constructifs, mais aussi le déclencheur, pour le décideur, d’une réflexion plus approfondie en mettant en perspective les objectifs fixés et le parcours emprunté pour les atteindre. Comme le souligne (AIM.R, 2011),</p>

<blockquote>
<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm">le tableau de bord ne doit plus être simplement un outil de remontée des informations de surveillance le long de la ligne hiérarchique. A cette vision purement ascendante (reporting) doit se substituer celle d’un axe de communication bidirectionnel permettant aussi de propager la vision des managers dans toute l’entreprise<span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></span></p>
</blockquote>

<p>En rendant compte de son action au 1<sup>er</sup> responsable, il lui permet de suivre les résultats et la progression des activités en cours. Le tableau de bord constitue le pivot de la gestion prévisionnelle et contrôlée. Il permet de comparer en permanence les réalisations aux prévisions, suscite la réactivité des managers. (AÏM.R, 2011), énumère également toute une série de fonctionnalités liées au tableau de bord <q>[ ] piloter des activités et des projets, contrôler des dépenses, respecter des budgets, analyser des tendances, mesurer des écarts, exploiter des résultats, évaluer des risques, consulter des bilans d'activités, prendre connaissance à travers de nombreux états du fonctionnement d’une direction, suivre l'évolution de projets, déclencher diverses actions (réunions, audits...), etc.</q> (AIM.R,2011)</p>

<p>Cependant, en plus de toutes ces fonctionnalités, le tableau de bord est censé être également un outil de communication interne. Un outil qui favorise les échanges up-down et bottom-up entre l’ensemble des acteurs de l’organisation. Néanmoins, les tableaux de bord tels qu’ils sont conçus traditionnellement, ne sont pas pour l’ensemble interactifs de par leur conception et leur déploiement. C’est ainsi que nous avons focalisé notre intérêt de recherche sur le tableau de bord prospectif étant donné sa dimension active en termes d’interactivité entre l’ensemble des intervenants dans le processus décisionnel et opérationnel d’une organisation. Nous prenons comme cadre conceptuel, le modèle des leviers de contrôle de R. Simons, dont l’objectif ultime, la recherche de la performance.</p>

<p>L’objectif de ce papier est de démontrer théoriquement, le rôle du tableau de bord prospectif dans le renforcement de la communication interne au sein des organisations qu’elles soient privées ou publiques. Mais avant de chercher cette réponse dans les écrits théorique des chercheurs, nous avons tenté de chercher théoriquement également la posture et l’évolution de la communication interne dans les organisations. A ce stade, la question qu’on se pose est relative à l’importance et le rôle de la communication interne dans le processus décisionnel et stratégique des organisations. Pour parvenir à cette fin, nous commençons par présenter la communication interne du point de vue littérature, pour retrouver le lien causal qu’elle a avec la performance de l’organisation et par la suite, nous présentons l’apport et le support que représente le tableau de bord prospectif pour assoir une communication interne efficace.</p>

<p> </p>

<h2>LIEN ENTRE COMMUNICATION INTERNE ET PERFORMANCE</h2>

<h3>La notion de la performance au sein de l’organisation</h3>

<p>Du point de vue étymologique, le concept de la performance renvoie à l’idée d’accomplir une action. Cela semble signifier qu’il s’agit d’entreprendre et de terminer une action sans pour autant que cette action soit explicitée sur la nature ou la mesure du résultat à obtenir. Dans le langage courant, la performance est précisément le fait d’obtenir un résultat, sous-entend que ce résultat doit être bon. Quelles soient privées ou publiques, les organisations doivent rendre compte de leurs résultats.</p>

<p>Partant de ce fait, nous proposons d’étudier le schéma traditionnel pour comprendre la notion de la performance. Ainsi pour parler performance, toute organisation doit mettre en relation trois notions à savoir : objectifs, moyens et résultats (Burlaud,1995). Ce qui implique trois logiques possibles : une logique d’efficacité, une logique d’efficience et une logique de budgétisation.</p>

<p>Soit le triangle ci-après :</p>

<p style="text-align: center;"><em><strong>Figure 1 : le triangle de la performance</strong></em></p>

<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_20_1_image-20200423111532-1.png" style="width: 300px; height: 151px;" /></p>

<p style="text-align: center;">Source : adapté du modèle Gibert,1980</p>

<h3>L’efficacité :</h3>

<p>L’efficacité concerne le rapport entre le résultat obtenu et l’objectif à atteindre, elle suppose donc d’une part qu’un objectif ait été préalablement défini, et d’autre part que le résultat obtenu ait été mesuré (Villarmois,2001).</p>

<p align="justify">Cependant, au sien d’un environnement turbulent, et pour ne pas subir les mouvances, l’organisation devra piloter et définir ses axes directeurs dans un « champ des possibles » ; et dans un cadre de ressources limitées, il convient d’affecter ces dernières selon des objectifs et des priorités.</p>

<p>En effet, selon Ansoff, le choix stratégique d’une organisation présente les caractéristiques suivantes :</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Il traduit une recherche de cohérence par rapport à la mission et à la vocation de l’organisation ;</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Il s’inscrit dans un horizon temporel de moyen ou long terme ;</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Il s’accompagne d’une part de la définition du résultat attendu à cette échéance, et d’autre part de l’étude de la situation de départ, de façon à pouvoir identifier le parcours intermédiaire à réaliser ;</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Il est mesurable, et doit donner lieu à l’élaboration d’indicateurs ou d’indices (quantitatifs et/ou qualitatifs).</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3>L’efficience :</h3>

<p>Le deuxième volet du « triangle de la performance » concerne le rapport entre le résultat obtenu et les moyens engagés (Commarmond et Exiga, 1998). En terme économique, il s’agit de mettre en relation l’output (l’extrant) avec l’input (l’entrant).</p>

<h3>La budgétisation</h3>

<p>Constitue le troisième volet du « triangle de la performance », il correspond à une programmation de moyens au regard d’objectifs, et au suivi de leur application.</p>

<p align="justify">En général, cette démarche de mise en relation des objectifs et des moyens peut être garante de cohérence et de faisabilité de l’activité déployée si elle s’inscrit dans une réelle démarche stratégique.</p>

<p>La formulation de la stratégie et la définition de l’objectif restent alors le point de départ si on veut parler performance. Pour chester et Barnad,1968, la poursuite d’un objectif est la condition d’existence d’une organisation. De même, plusieurs recherches on démontrer l’importance de la contribution des collaborateurs des organisations (salariés ou fonctionnaires) à la performance durable ( charreaux, 1988). Au même titre souligne Liban, qui s’est intererssé aux « bonnes pratiques » des organisations, et démontre le lien existant entre une configuration formelle et informelle de l’organisation et ses résultats et conclu que la mobilisation des ressources humaine est la source de création de la valeur.</p>

<p style="text-align: center;"><em><strong>Figure 2 : Dispositif de la performance selon Liban </strong></em></p>

<p> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

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<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

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Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qui</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>alimentent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>système</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>permettent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>performance</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Il</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>également</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>intéressant</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>voir</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>importance</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>que</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>peut</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>avoir</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>organisation</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>informelle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>sur</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>création</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>valeur</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font> </span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

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Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stipule</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">soit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">formelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">informelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">source</font></font></font><font 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size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ordre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">schéma</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">parait</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">évident</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">n</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">y</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aura</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lien</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">base</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">connaissances</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sphère</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">action</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Quelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donc</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">position</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donnent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">auteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">chercheurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ? </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">définie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ceux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ci</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ? </font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm; margin-top:19px; margin-bottom:19px"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>Le</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>rôle</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>de</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>la</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>communication</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>interne</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>dans</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>le</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>processus</b></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><b> </b></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><b>managérial</b></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-top:19px; margin-bottom:19px"><span style="line-height:100%"><a name="fnref22"></a> <font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nombreux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">auteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ensemble</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">flux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">information</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intérieur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">forme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">valeurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">culture</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Claude</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Duterme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">...</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>elle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>se</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>réfère</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>plus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>en</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>plus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ces</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dernières</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>années</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>à</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>une</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dimension</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>plus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>construite</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>une</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>action</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>volontaire</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>au</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>sein</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>entreprise</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>; </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>gestion</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>information</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dans</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>sa</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>version</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>plus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>élaborée</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>recherche</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>consensus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>autour</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ce</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qu</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>on</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>appelle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>culture</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>entreprise</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">M</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">H</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Westphalen</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1998) </font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-top:19px; margin-bottom:19px"><span style="line-height:100%"><a name="fnref23"></a><a name="fnref16"></a><a name="fnref17"></a> <font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">certains</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">universitaires</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réputés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">domaine</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">théories</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnelles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indissociables</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ainsi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norbert</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Wienert</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> " </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Tout</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>organisme</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>cohésionné</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dans</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>son</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>action</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>grâce</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>à</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>possession</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>moyens</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qui</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>permettent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>acquérir</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>utiliser</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>retenir</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>transmettre</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>information</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Wienert</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1962). </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">doit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donc</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">accorder</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">place</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">centrale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">parce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structure</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">étendue</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ampleur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">activités</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">presque</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entièrement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">déterminées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">techniques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">composante</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managériale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Peter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Drucker</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nous</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réponse</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">son</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ouvrage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>L</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>avenir</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>du</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>management</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>»</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">y</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">développe</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">vision</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intelligente</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">défis</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">survie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">son</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ouvrage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Peter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Drucker</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">se</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">propose</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">expliquer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>«</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Ce</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>n</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>pas</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>technique</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ce</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>n</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>pas</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>information</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ce</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>n</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>pas</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>productivité</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>C</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>institution</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>en</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>tant</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qu</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>organe</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>social</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>produisant</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>résultats</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>»</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">s</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">agit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">investir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">matériel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">équipements</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">important</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">formulation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">n</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">affaire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">seule</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">catégorie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mais</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">plutôt</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">celle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">collaborateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Aucun</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>système</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>fondé</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>sur</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>un</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>cloisonnement</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>rigide</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qui</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>confie</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>prise</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>décisions</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>à</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>seule</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>classe</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>«</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ceux</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qui</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>savent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>»</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>n</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>est</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>en</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>mesure</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>répondre</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>avec</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>rapidité</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>flexibilité</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>aux</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>exigences</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>du</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>client</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Cela</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>signifie</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>également</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qu</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>il</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>faut</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>rompre</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>avec</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>certains</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>types</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>métaphores</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>comme</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>«</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>bras</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>»</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>'</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>entreprise</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>service</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>du</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>client</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>fait</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>appel</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>à</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>toutes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>capacités</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>humaines</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>bras</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>tête</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>coeur</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>»</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> (</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>P</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>.</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Drucker</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>,1999, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>p</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>79)</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">même</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">logique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intégration</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">collective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">formulation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégies</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interprétation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">on</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cite</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">propos</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Nicole</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">existe</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">trois</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">définitions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donnent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">formes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">différentes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intégration</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">acteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">collaborateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">constitution</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégies</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interprétation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">définitions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 1, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réfèrent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conceptualisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">différentes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structure</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">culture</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pouvoir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">perspectives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">perspective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fonctionnaliste</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">on</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">trouve</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">productive</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intégratrice</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">perspective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interprétative</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">on</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">trouve</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisante</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cette</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dernière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">crée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Nicole</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1994). </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">produit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">McDaniel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Johnson</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1977) ;</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">La</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">définition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisante</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">met</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">accent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lesquels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">se</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">développe</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structure</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">émergent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nouveaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réseaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Monge</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">McDaniel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Johnson</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1977) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">appropriation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">actualisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">création</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">identité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">légitimité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donnent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sens</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">action</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">individu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">action</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">collective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-left:94px; text-indent:1.25cm"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Tableau</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> 1 :</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Définitions</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>de</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>la</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>communication</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>interne</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<table width="607">
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:105px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Fonctionnaliste</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:137px">
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:139px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Interprétative</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:168px">
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			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:105px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Productive</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:137px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Intégrative</b></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
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			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:139px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Organisante</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:168px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Définition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Définition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Conception</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structure</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Culture</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

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			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pouvoir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Définition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">But</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Caractéristiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

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			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Manifestation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">spontanées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">planifiées</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Focus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Problématique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:105px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Faire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">faire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Machine</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Configuration</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Valeurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">société</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Délégué</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Transmission</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Réalisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tâche</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Formelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">verticale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Directives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">manuels</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Messages</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">canaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réseaux</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

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			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Qualité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">message</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">transmission</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:137px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Etre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ensemble</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Collectivité</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Formelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">informelle</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

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			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Valeurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">partagées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Formel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">informel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Interaction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cohésion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Formelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">informelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">verticale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">horizontale</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Conversations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réunions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sociales</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Relations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">climat</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Rumeurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">groupthink</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm; padding-left:0.2cm; padding-right:0.19cm; border-top:1px solid #000000; border-right:1px solid #000000; border-left:1px solid #000000; width:139px">
			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Faire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ensemble</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Construction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sociale</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Coactivation</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

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			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Transaction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Maintien</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">innovation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Collective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Discussions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">groupes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travail</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structuration</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">coorientation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">légitimation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"> </p>

			<p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Etendu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">continuité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">participation</font></font></font></font></font></font></p>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Source</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1993</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Parmi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">critiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">été</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">données</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisante</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">c</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">a</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fait</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">objet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">peu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">études</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">empiriques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Son</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">principal</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">défi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">décrire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">produit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">échanges</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">éphémères</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">collectivité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">régulée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stable</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">s</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">agit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">décrit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Taylor</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (1993), </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comprendre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">transactions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lieu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conversations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">s</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">écrit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">se</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">transforme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">texte</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>LE</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>TABLEAU</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>DE</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>BORD</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>PROSPECTIF</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>AU</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>SERVICE</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>DE</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>LA</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>COMMUNICATION</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>INTERNE</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Les</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>limites</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>des</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>tableaux</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>de</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>bord</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>dits</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>«</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>classiques</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>»</b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">En</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">parmi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">outils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pilotage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">visualiser</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aussi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">suivre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interpréter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">structures</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">classiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">type</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">hiérarchique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conçus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cependant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">plus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cela</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">principales</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">critiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">caractérisent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dites</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">classiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">liées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fait</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">plupart</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financiers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">leur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">souci</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">surtout</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pilotage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">rentabilité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">chiffres</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">affaires</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">santé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">classiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">relation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">concepteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">besoin</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">remet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cause</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">implication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">reste</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cependant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prospectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">système</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mesure</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">équilibré</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financiers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">non</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financiers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">court</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">terme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">long</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">terme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intermédiaires</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mesures</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">apprécier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">quatre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">domaines</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">savoir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">résultats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financiers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">satisfaction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">clients</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">internes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">apprentissage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Figure</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> 3 </b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">: </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2001</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p style="margin-left:142px; text-indent:1.25cm"> </p>

<p> </p>

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<p align="justify" style="text-indent:1.25cm"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Source</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prospectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1992</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">A</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">effet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">spécificité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ensemble</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">c</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">reliés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">eux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">relations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cause</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">effet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dessinent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">objectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">étant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">articuler</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">initiatives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">acteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">départements</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">simulations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dynamiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">identifier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nouveaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">répondre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">attentes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">clients</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">actionnaires</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprises</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">privées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">). </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ainsi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">objectifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mesures</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">système</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">établis</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fonction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">projet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dirigeants</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">évaluer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contribution</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">chacune</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ses</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">unités</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réponse</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">attentes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">clients</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">actuels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">futurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">efforts</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">accomplir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">renforcer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">potentiel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">investissements</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">faut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">faire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">hommes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">procédures</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">améliorer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">globale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ainsi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">met</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lumière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">activités</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">génératrices</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">valeur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">menées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">acteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">compétents</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">motivés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>Le</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>tableau</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>de</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>bord</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>prospectif</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>, </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>un</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>outil</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>de</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>pilotage</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>interactif</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (1995), </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">leviers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interviennent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">directement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">soit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stade</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">œuvre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">diagnostiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">encore</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stade</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">formulation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">). </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b>Figure</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><b> 4 : </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">leviers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">Simons</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">Source</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">adapté</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">, 1995</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ...</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>systèmes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>contrôle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>diagnostique</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>mettent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>accent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>sur</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>mise</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>en</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>œuvre</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>stratégies</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>délibérées</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>. </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>A</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>inverse</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>systèmes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>contrôle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>interactif</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>développent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>orientent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>recherche</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>opportunité</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qui</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>peuvent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>se</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>traduire</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>par</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>émergence</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>stratégies</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">En</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">effet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">diagnostiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">forment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ensemble</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">outils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communications</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">budgets</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">reporting</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">...) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">piloter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performances</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnelles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">apporter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">corrections</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">écarts</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">rapport</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prévisions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">préétablies</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Comme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">a</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">souligné</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">généralement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">caractérisés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>1- </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>fixation</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>objectifs</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>standards</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>, 2- </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>mesure</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>résultats</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> 3- </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>correction</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>écarts</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>par</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>rapport</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>aux</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>standards</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1995,</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">p</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.59) </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>systèmes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>information</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>formels</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>utilisés</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>par</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>managers</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>pour</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>s</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>impliquer</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>régulièrement</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>personnellement</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dans</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>activités</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>décisionnelles</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>subordonnées</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1995, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">p</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. 95). </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>focaliser</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>attention</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>favorisent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dialogue</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>à</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>travers</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>organisation</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> (…) </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>ils</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>fournissent</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>cadres</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>programmes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>pour</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>débattre</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>motiver</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>rassemblement</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>information</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>en</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>dehors</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>canaux</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>routiniers</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ,1995, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">p</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.96)</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">De</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">fait</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">interactifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">tel</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">ils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">présentés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">interviennent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">moment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">formulation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">manière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">impliquer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">toutes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">parties</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">composantes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">telle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">sorte</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">information</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">propositions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">formuler</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">partent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">bas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">haut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>les</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>systèmes</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>contrôle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>interactifs</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>sont</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>utilisés</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>pour</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>guider</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>l</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>émergence</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> ‘</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>bottom</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>-</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>up</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>’ </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>la</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i>stratégie</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">,1995,</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">p</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:12pt"><font size="3">.98)</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BSC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contient</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">non</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">financière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">laisse</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dire</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dernier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sera</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">plutôt</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">considéré</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">levier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">diagnostique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">non</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Sauf</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">leur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ouvrage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 2001, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">montrent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TBP</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">peut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">être</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">utilisé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">levier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>Le</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>TBP</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>peut</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>opérer</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>d</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>une</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>manière</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>bien</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>plus</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>efficace</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>qu</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>’</i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>utilisé</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>comme</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>un</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>système</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>contrôle</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>des</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>performances</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>et</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>de</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i> </i></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><i>reporting</i></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2009, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">p</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.12)</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cette</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">question</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactivité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">reste</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donc</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">option</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">peut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">non</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">être</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">utilisée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BSC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">a</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">démontré</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Naro</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">D</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Travaillé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">il</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">peut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">servir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">leviers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ( </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 2)</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Nous</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">retenons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">analyse</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">auteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TBP</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">outil</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">trois</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">caractéristiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TBP</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : 1- </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">implication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">opérationnels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2- </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">utilisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">données</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">informations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 3- </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nature</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<ol>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>L</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>’</b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>implication</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>des</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>managers</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>opérationnels</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
</ol>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">A</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BSC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">implique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">opérationnels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">relations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">type</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bottum</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">up</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">transversales</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ceci</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">correspond</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">même</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">vision</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">son</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">leviers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">requiert</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">attention</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fréquente</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">régulière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">opérationnels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tous</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">niveaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-left:48px"> </p>

<ol start="2">
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>L</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>’</b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>utilisation</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>des</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>données</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
</ol>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Selon</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">systèmes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">présente</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">discuter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interpréter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">données</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réunions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">face</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">face</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">supérieurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">subordonnés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pairs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">information</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">générée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">représente</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">important</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">programme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communiqué</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">même</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">titre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TBP</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">présenter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interpréter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">données</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">supérieurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">subordonnés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cours</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réunions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lesquelles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">favorise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dialogue</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">débats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-left:48px"> </p>

<ol start="3">
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>La</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>nature</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>du</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>processus</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
</ol>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BSC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">occasion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">remise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cause</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permanente</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégies</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">hypothèses</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> . </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">même</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">chose</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">remarqué</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">système</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactifs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">permettent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">processus</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">s</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">appuie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">challenge</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">continu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">débats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">données</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">hypothèses</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">plans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">action</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Tableau</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> 4 :</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">caractéristiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">distinctives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BSC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">envisagé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">système</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">diagnostic</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comme</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">système</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interactif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">source</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">adapté</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Naro</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">D</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Travaillé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,2011 </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Conclusion</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Peu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">chercheurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">se</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sont</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">focalisés</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lien</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">existant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">outils</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cette</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dernière</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">étant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">facteur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">déterminant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">construction</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">culture</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnelle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Elle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aussi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">essence</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">même</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">création</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nouvelles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">idées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Notre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">objectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">cet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">article</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">était</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">jeter</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ponts</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">champs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">recherche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dressant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">quelques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">fondements</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">points</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">vue</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">théoriques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pilotage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sein</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">nous</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">avons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">focalisé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">notre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">analyse</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prospectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">étant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">donnée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">capacité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">démontrée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pas</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">mal</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">recherche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interventions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">(</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Augé</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">. </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">B</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">, </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Naro</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">. </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">G</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> , </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Vernhet</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">. </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">A</font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , 2010) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">combiner</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">esprit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managérial</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">culture</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ainsi</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modèle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TBP</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">a</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pu</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">démarche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conception</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sa</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">démarche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">déploiement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prouver</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">réussite</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">passe</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intégration</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tous</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">acteurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">subordonnées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Bottum</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">up</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Top</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> –</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">down</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cela</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">peut</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">être</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">possible</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">absence</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">appartenant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">logique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisante</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> (</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2011) </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qui</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">crée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">modifie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">messages</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnels</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Notre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">démarche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">est</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">purement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qualitative</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">se</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">basant</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">lectures</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">articles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ouvrages</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">relation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">avec</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">champs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">recherche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">perspective</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">développer</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ces</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">constats</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">avec</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">recherches</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">empiriques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">que</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ce</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">soit</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprises</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">privées</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">ou</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">encore</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">publiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></span></p>

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<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b>Bibliographie</b></font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<p align="justify"> </p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ansoff</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">H</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">I</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégie</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">développement</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Edition</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">homme</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">techniques</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ;1971</font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Augé</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">, </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">B</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">., </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Naro</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">, </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">G</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">., </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Vernhet</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">, </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">A</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">. </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Le</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">contrôle</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">de</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">gestion</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">au</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">service</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">du</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">gouvernement</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">de</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">l</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">’</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">université</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> :</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">propos</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">d</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">’</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">étape</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">sur</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">la</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">conception</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">d</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">’</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">un</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">balanced</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">scorecard</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">au</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">sein</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">d</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">’</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">une</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">université</font></font><font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">française</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif">. </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif">Montpellier</font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> 1, 2010.</font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Burlaud</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">A</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Contrôle</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">développement</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">intelligence</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisationnelle»</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">CNAM</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Chaire</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comptabilité</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Leçon</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">inaugurale</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">juin</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 1995</font></font></font></font></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Bouquin</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">H</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, "</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Du</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pilotage</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">", </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Expansion</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Management</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Review</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">septembre</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">n°</font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 98, 2000.</font></font></font></font></span></p>
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	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Naro</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Travaillée</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">D</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">balanced</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">scorecard</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">à</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">épreuve</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">expérience</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">numéro</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 211, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">février</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 2011 </font></font></font></span></p>
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	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Leban</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">éditions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2005</font></font></font></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Morin</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dimensions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">critères</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">HEC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Montréal</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2005 </font></font></font></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Pesqueux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">notion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">globale</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">CNAM</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">LIPSOR</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2005 </font></font></font></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Tremblay</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Audebrand</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">productivité</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">enjeux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">défis</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">économie</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">savoir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">université</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Québec</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2003</font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Morgan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Images</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Québec</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Presses</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Université</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Laval</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. 1989</font></font></font></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Monge</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Eisenberg</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> .</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Eric</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">M</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Q</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Emergent</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Networks</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Jablin</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1987</font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">; </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">La</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">interne</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">définition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">évolution</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">éditions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">presses</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">universitaires</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Bordeaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> ;1993</font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giroux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">TAYLOR</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">J</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">changement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">par</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conversation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">stratégique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Montréal</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">document</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">travail</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Giscor</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1993</font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Drucker</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">avenir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Editions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Village</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Mondial</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1999, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Augé</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">B</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Naro</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Vernhet</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">A</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">service</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">du</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gouvernement</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">l</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">université</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> :</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">propos</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">étape</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sur</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">conception</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">un</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">balanced</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">scorecard</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">au</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">sein</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">une</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">université</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">française</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Montpellier</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 1, 2010.</font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Gérvais</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">M</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Ed</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Economica</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2009</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Gibert</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">dans</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">les</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisations</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">publiques</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> , </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Editions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> 1980.</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
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	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">GIRAUD</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">F</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">SAUPLIC</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">O</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">NAULLEAU</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">G</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">DELMOND</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">M</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">H</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">BESCOS</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Contrôle</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pilotage</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">performance</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Gualino</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2002</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">contrôleurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">aux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">coûts</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Expansion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Management</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Review</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1995.</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">S</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">D</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Comment</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">utiliser</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prospectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">: </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Eyrolles</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Editions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,2001.</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Kaplan</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">S</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Norton</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">D</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableau</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">prospectif</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Editions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">’</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Organisation</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">,1998.</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Simons</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">L</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">., “</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Levers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">of</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">control</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">How</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Managers</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Use</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Innovative</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Control</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">System</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">to</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Drive</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Strategic</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:100%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">AÏM</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">R</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 100 </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">questions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">pour</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">comprendre</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">agir</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">: </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Indicateurs</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">tableaux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">bord</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Éditions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">AFNOR</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Saint</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Denis</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">La</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Plaine</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 2011</font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Wacheux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">F</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Méthodes</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">qualitatives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">recherche</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">en</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">gestion</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">»</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Economica</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1996. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">P</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.156.</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="orphans:0"><span style="widows:0"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Wiener</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cybernetics</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">or</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Control</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">and</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">in</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">the</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Animal</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">and</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">the</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Machine</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">: </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Hermann</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1958</font></font></font></span></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><span style="background:#ffffff"><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">WIENER</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">.</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">N</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Cybernétique</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">et</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">société</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"> : </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Editions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">des</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Deux</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Rives</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1962</font></font></font></span></span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify"><span style="line-height:115%"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font style="font-size:8pt"><font size="1"><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Westphalen</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">. </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">M</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">-</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">H</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">«Le</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">guide</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">de</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">la</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">communication</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">d</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">'</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">entreprise</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Éditions</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"> </font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Dunod</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 3</font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">è</font></font></font><font color="#111111"><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2"><b> </b></font></font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">édition</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, </font></font></font><font face="Calibri, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">Paris</font></font></font><font face="Arial Hebrew, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt"><font size="2">, 1998 </font></font></font></font></font></font></span></p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p style="margin-top:19px; margin-bottom:19px"><br />
 </p>

<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p><span style="line-height:100%"><span style="page-break-before:always"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a></span></span></p>
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<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="page-break-before:always"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a></span></p>
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