<p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1. Introduction</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Depuis une vingtaine d&rsquo;ann&eacute;es, le WEB 2.0 a r&eacute;volutionn&eacute; la mani&egrave;re de s&rsquo;informer, d&rsquo;interagir. &nbsp;Cette &eacute;volution trouve son aboutissement dans le web social qui permet aux internautes de co-construire leur propre web &agrave; travers les outils disponibles en ligne. Les technologies phares du Web 2.0 &ndash; blogues, fils RSS, sites Wikis, etc. &ndash; offrent aux utilisateurs du Web la possibilit&eacute; de passer d&rsquo;un r&ocirc;le passif d&rsquo;observateurs &agrave; un r&ocirc;le actif de cr&eacute;ateurs (Dufour, 2009). Ce qui change le rapport que les utilisateurs ont &agrave; cette technologie et &agrave; l&rsquo;information.&nbsp; Cette transformation num&eacute;rique du mode d&rsquo;acc&egrave;s et de circulation de l&rsquo;information a un impact fort sur leur archivage&nbsp;; certains auteurs parlent d&rsquo;&nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;archivistique 2.0&nbsp;&raquo;. En effet, la r&eacute;flexion sur la pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du web est centrale tant du point de vue du support de l&rsquo;information que de celui de la s&eacute;lection de l&rsquo;information &agrave; conserver. Pendant la crise du COVID19, &agrave; cause du confinement, l&rsquo;utilisation du web a atteint des chiffres records. L&rsquo;&eacute;tude publi&eacute;e en avril 2021 par &nbsp;Hootsuite et We Are Social sur les usages d&rsquo;Internet et des r&eacute;seaux sociaux &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;chelle mondiale montre que 4,72 milliards d&rsquo;internautes, soit 6 personnes sur 10 dans le monde&nbsp; soit une hausse de +7,6 % et 4,33 milliards d&rsquo;utilisateurs actifs des r&eacute;seaux sociaux (55,1 %), en augmentation de 13,7 % (521 millions d&rsquo;usagers suppl&eacute;mentaires).&nbsp; Au regard de ces donn&eacute;es, &nbsp;l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire de la pand&eacute;mie du COVID 19 passe par l&rsquo;archivage du web.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Cet article se propose de d&eacute;finir une m&eacute;thode de s&eacute;lection des informations sur la pand&eacute;mie &agrave; conserver. Cette conservation doit tenir compte d&rsquo;un besoin informationnel particulier, celui de la pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du web. Mais avant d&rsquo;y arriver, nous commencerons par pr&eacute;senter la pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du Web comme une n&eacute;cessit&eacute; pour l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire de la pand&eacute;mie du COVID 19. Puis nous d&eacute;crirons la m&eacute;thodologie utilis&eacute;e, nous pr&eacute;senterons les r&eacute;sultats de l&rsquo;enqu&ecirc;te que nous avons effectu&eacute;e et nous terminerons en discutant ces r&eacute;sultats. Ce travail aboutira &agrave; la proposition des pistes pratiques pour la&nbsp; pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du Web en temps de crise.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">2. pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du Web comme une n&eacute;cessit&eacute; pour l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire de la pand&eacute;mie du COVID 19</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les archives jouent un r&ocirc;le majeur dans l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire. En effet, les historiens interrogent les sources orales (t&eacute;moins), sources arch&eacute;ologiques (vestiges) et les sources &eacute;crites (archives). Dans la pand&eacute;mie du COVID19, le web permet aux historiens d&rsquo;avoir acc&egrave;s aux sources orales (documents audiovisuels et sonores) et aux sources &eacute;crites (textes). &nbsp;Comme nous l&rsquo;avons susmentionn&eacute;, dans le cas particulier de cette crise plus qu&rsquo;auparavant, les informations ont essentiellement circul&eacute; en ligne gr&acirc;ce &agrave; l&rsquo;essor des technologies num&eacute;riques de l&rsquo;information et de la communication d&rsquo;une part &nbsp;et d&rsquo;autre part au confinement des populations. Par cons&eacute;quent, une part tr&egrave;s importante de l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire d&eacute;pend de l&rsquo;archivage du web. L&rsquo;archivage du Web est un processus de collecte, de s&eacute;lection, d&rsquo;enrichissement, de stockage, de pr&eacute;servation et de mise &agrave; disposition des informations du Web actuel, afin qu&rsquo;elles restent accessibles aux utilisateurs dans l&rsquo;avenir. L&rsquo;objectif de cette d&eacute;marche est de permettre, par exemple, &agrave; un historien dans trente ans de pouvoir &eacute;tudier la mani&egrave;re dont un &eacute;v&eacute;nement politique a &eacute;t&eacute; comment&eacute; par les parties prenantes, les m&eacute;dias et les simples utilisateurs du Web (Senellart, 2017). Si la pertinence de cette d&eacute;marche est acquise, la question qui se pose aux professionnels des archives est de savoir comment pr&eacute;server la m&eacute;moire de cette crise dans un contexte o&ugrave; la circulation de l&rsquo;information s&rsquo;est faite essentiellement sur le web qui se caract&eacute;rise par plusieurs &eacute;l&eacute;ments g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement mis en exergue par les experts du domaine. Parmi ceux-ci, le r&ocirc;le actif jou&eacute; par l&rsquo;utilisateur occupe une place centrale. Ainsi, de r&eacute;cepteur d&rsquo;informations, l&rsquo;utilisateur devient producteur en participant activement &agrave; la cr&eacute;ation de contenus, en donnant son avis ou en documentant des contenus d&eacute;pos&eacute;s par d&rsquo;autres</span></span></span> (<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Depover, Quintin &amp; Strebelle, 2013). Les contenus web sont donc une co-construction ou une co-&eacute;laboration entre les &eacute;metteurs et les r&eacute;cepteurs, ce qui change le type de documents ou de dossier&nbsp; habituellement pris en charge par les archivistes. Bien plus, &nbsp;L&rsquo;&nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;archivage 2.0&nbsp;&raquo; doit prendre en compte le fait que le patrimoine num&eacute;rique est un patrimoine particuli&egrave;rement fragile (Puren, 2020) d&rsquo;une part et d&rsquo;autre part que la &laquo;&nbsp;surinformation&nbsp;&raquo; en ligne caract&eacute;ris&eacute;e par le sentiment de d&eacute;bordement, de trop-plein d&rsquo;information (Papp, 2018) sont des d&eacute;fis suppl&eacute;mentaires pour l&rsquo;archivage du web. Dans l&rsquo;impossibilit&eacute; d&rsquo;embrasser tous ces d&eacute;fis, nous nous proposons dans le cadre de ce travail de mettre un accent particulier sur la m&eacute;thode de s&eacute;lection des archives web en nous appuyant sur la pand&eacute;mie du COVID19.&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">3. M&eacute;thodologie</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tel que signal&eacute;, cet article souhaite proposer une m&eacute;thode pour la s&eacute;lection des informations &agrave; conserver dans le cadre de la pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du Web de la pand&eacute;mie du COVID 19.&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">La strat&eacute;gie m&eacute;thodologique qui est retenue est qualitative, dispose de deux volets : (i) d&rsquo;une part il s&rsquo;est agi d&rsquo;administrer un questionnaire &agrave; un &eacute;chantillon constitu&eacute; de &nbsp;54 archivistes et &agrave; 62 chercheurs en histoire pour recueillir leurs attentes en mati&egrave;re d&rsquo;archives pour la r&eacute;daction de l&rsquo;histoire, (ii) d&rsquo;autre part, nous avons fait une revue de litt&eacute;rature sur les probl&eacute;matiques li&eacute;es &agrave; la conservation des documents et &agrave; la pr&eacute;servation de la m&eacute;moire du WEB. Ces deux sources d&rsquo;informations nous ont permis d&#39;analyser la globalit&eacute; du ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne. Dans les circonstances, il s&#39;agit de voir les enseignements qui seront possibles &agrave; la lumi&egrave;re du traitement et de l&#39;analyse des donn&eacute;es. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;administration du questionnaire s&rsquo;est d&eacute;roul&eacute;e en deux temps. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes entretenus avec les archivistes qui nous ont permis de d&eacute;finir les crit&egrave;res de s&eacute;lection des documents. La plupart de crit&egrave;res retenus sont inspir&eacute;s de l&rsquo;&eacute;valuation de l&rsquo;information en ligne tandis qu&rsquo;autres ont &eacute;t&eacute; inspir&eacute;s des r&eacute;ponses donn&eacute;es par les archivistes. Il s&rsquo;agit notamment des crit&egrave;res li&eacute;s &agrave; la r&eacute;action suscit&eacute;e par la publication en ligne. &nbsp;&nbsp;Dans un second temps, nous avons soumis ces crit&egrave;res aux chercheurs en histoire de l&rsquo;universit&eacute; de Yaound&eacute; I pour qu&rsquo;ils les valident et les classent par ordre de priorit&eacute; et pour qu&rsquo;ils ajoutent, s&rsquo;il y&rsquo;a lieu d&rsquo;autres &eacute;l&eacute;ments sur lesquels on peut se baser pour effectuer la s&eacute;lection des documents pour la r&eacute;daction de l&rsquo;histoire. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.45pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4. R&eacute;sultats obtenus</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Les r&eacute;sultats obtenus lors de notre travail nous ont permis d&rsquo;&eacute;tablir les crit&egrave;res de s&eacute;lection de l&rsquo;information pour l&rsquo;archivage du web qui sont&nbsp;: </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4.1 Le statut de l&rsquo;auteur de la publication</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pour la r&eacute;daction de l&rsquo;histoire du COVID19, le premier crit&egrave;re choisi par les historiens est le statut de l&rsquo;auteur. Parmi les quatre &eacute;l&eacute;ments observables retenus pour le statut de l&rsquo;auteur, la fonction de l&rsquo;auteur vient en t&ecirc;te. Les r&eacute;pondants pensent qu&rsquo;il faut toujours tenir compte de la fonction de ce lui qui publie pour donner une cr&eacute;dibilit&eacute; &agrave; une information en ligne. Les r&eacute;pondants placent en deuxi&egrave;me position l&rsquo;expertise de l&rsquo;auteur, sa maitrise du sujet. Il s&rsquo;agit de savoir s&rsquo;il est sp&eacute;cialiste du domaine, s&rsquo;il est fr&eacute;quemment cit&eacute; comme une r&eacute;f&eacute;rence en la mati&egrave;re ou en encore est qu&rsquo;il dispose des travaux scientifique sur la question.&nbsp; En troisi&egrave;me position, nous avons les personnages publics, les c&eacute;l&eacute;brit&eacute;s, les influenceurs qui n&rsquo;ont pas forc&eacute;ment une connaissance technique de la pand&eacute;mie mais leur avis et leur publications ont fortement influenc&eacute; l&rsquo;attitude du public par rapport &agrave; la pand&eacute;mie. Les publications des c&eacute;l&eacute;brit&eacute;s ayant eu un impact fort sur le plus constituent des faits qui m&eacute;ritent d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre conserv&eacute;s pour la post&eacute;rit&eacute;. Ce m&ecirc;me m&eacute;rite revient aussi aux anonymes dont les publications ont fait un &laquo;&nbsp;buzz&nbsp;&raquo;, le sujet &eacute;tant int&eacute;ressant pour raconter comment la population a v&eacute;cu la crise. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 1&nbsp;: opinion des r&eacute;pondants par rapport au crit&egrave;re de s&eacute;lection&nbsp;: statut de l&rsquo;auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">statut de l&rsquo;auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Toujours ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Souvent ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Officiels (gouvernement, institution)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">77,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">22,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Expert en la mati&egrave;re, chercheur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">66,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">25</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4,1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">personnalit&eacute; public/ c&eacute;l&eacute;brit&eacute; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">30</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">14,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">21</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">18,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">16,1</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:121px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Anonyme </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:108px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">23,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">13,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">18</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">30,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:97px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">15</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4.2&nbsp; La qualit&eacute; de la source </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Le deuxi&egrave;me crit&egrave;re retenu par les r&eacute;pondants dans le cadre de la s&eacute;lection des documents web &agrave; conserver pour la r&eacute;daction de l&rsquo;histoire du COVID19 est la qualit&eacute; de la source d&rsquo;information. Les &eacute;l&eacute;ments observables suivants ont &eacute;t&eacute; retenus par le panel pour la mesure de ce crit&egrave;re. Le caract&egrave;re officiel ou non de la source&nbsp;: qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse d&rsquo;un compte officiel dans les r&eacute;seaux sociaux &eacute;lectroniques ou d&rsquo;un site web, l&rsquo;appartenance &agrave; un organisme officiel est le premier facteur de s&eacute;lection de l&rsquo;information dans ce crit&egrave;re.&nbsp; Le deuxi&egrave;me &eacute;l&eacute;ment est la sp&eacute;cialisation de l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur. Dans le cas particulier du COVID19 la question qui se pose est alors de savoir&nbsp;: l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur est-il dans le domaine de la sant&eacute;&nbsp;? Le troisi&egrave;me &eacute;l&eacute;ment observable concerne les comptes des m&eacute;dias. Pendant la crise, tous les m&eacute;dias ont publi&eacute; des contenus sur la maladie. Parmi les informations &agrave; s&eacute;lectionner, il y&rsquo;a donc ces reportages et &eacute;ditoriaux des journalistes qui sont les t&eacute;moins privil&eacute;gi&eacute;s de l&rsquo;histoire.&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 2 : opinion des r&eacute;pondants par rapport au crit&egrave;re de s&eacute;lection : qualit&eacute; de la source</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">qualit&eacute; de la source </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Toujours ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Souvent ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Sources officiels ou non</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">48,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">37,7 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">9,8 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1,2</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Sp&eacute;cialisation de l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">41,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">36,9 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">16,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4,0 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:129px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">M&eacute;dias reconnus</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">43,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">37,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:84px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">14,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:93px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">3, 8</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:104px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1, 0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4.3 La qualit&eacute; du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Le troisi&egrave;me crit&egrave;re s&eacute;lectionn&eacute; par les r&eacute;pondants est la qualit&eacute; du contenu. Les &eacute;l&eacute;ments observables pour ce crit&egrave;re sont la pr&eacute;sence dans le document des r&eacute;f&eacute;rences bibliographiques, des illustrations tels que les citations, les graphiques, les images. La qualit&eacute; du contenu repose aussi sur l&rsquo;actualit&eacute; (ou mise &agrave; jour) de l&rsquo;information ainsi que l&rsquo;objectivit&eacute; de cette information. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Tableau 3 : opinion des r&eacute;pondants par rapport au crit&egrave;re de s&eacute;lection : qualit&eacute; du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">qualit&eacute; du contenu</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Toujours ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Souvent ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pr&eacute;sence de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">58 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">31,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">5,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pr&eacute;sence d&rsquo;illustrations, citations</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">72,9 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">25,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">1,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">0,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Actualit&eacute; ou mise &agrave; jour de l&rsquo;information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">34</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">30,6</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">19</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">14</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">3,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:118px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Objectivit&eacute; de l&rsquo;information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">42,5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">34</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">18,5 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:103px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">2,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:91px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">2,7</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4.4 La r&eacute;action suscit&eacute;e par la publication &nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Apr&egrave;s la qualit&eacute; du contenu, on retrouve la r&eacute;action suscit&eacute;e par l&rsquo;information sur le web.&nbsp; les &eacute;l&eacute;ments observables suivants sont &agrave; retenir l&rsquo;&eacute;valuation de la r&eacute;action selon nos r&eacute;pondants. &nbsp;le premier est le nombre de partage. Il s&rsquo;agit du nombre de fois o&ugrave; l&rsquo;information a &eacute;t&eacute; republi&eacute;e par ceux qui y ont eu acc&egrave;s. Le second est le nombre d&rsquo;interactions&nbsp;qui concerne le nombre de commentaires et d&rsquo;&eacute;motic&ocirc;nes r&eacute;colt&eacute;s par la publication. Plus une information suscite la r&eacute;action des internautes, plus elle est susceptible d&rsquo;int&eacute;resser les personnes en charge de la r&eacute;daction de l&rsquo;histoire de la crise sanitaire. Par cons&eacute;quent, elle doit &ecirc;tre conserv&eacute;e.&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:145px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">r&eacute;action suscit&eacute;e par la publication&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Toujours ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Souvent ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">De temps</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">en temps (%)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Rarement ( %) </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Jamais ( %)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:145px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nombre de partage</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">41 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">43,3 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">6,4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">3,4</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:145px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nombre d&rsquo;interactions</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">46,9</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">31,5</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">8,1 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">9,2 </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:95px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">4,3</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">5. Discussion </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;&eacute;tude que nous avons men&eacute;e nous a permis de construire une &nbsp;grille de s&eacute;lection qui permet de porter un jugement sur la qualit&eacute; d&rsquo;un document publi&eacute; sur le web afin de d&eacute;cider de leur archivage ou non. Cette grille qui a deux colonnes dont la premi&egrave;re concerne le crit&egrave;re d&rsquo;&eacute;valuation et la seconde l&rsquo;&eacute;l&eacute;ment observable est donc un outil d&rsquo;aide aux professionnels qui veulent effectuer l&rsquo;archivage du web. Dans cet outil, le &nbsp;crit&egrave;re de s&eacute;lection est le point de &nbsp;rep&egrave;re&nbsp; qui permet de porter un jugement sur un document mis en ligne tandis que l&rsquo;&eacute;l&eacute;ment observable est la manifestation concr&egrave;te du crit&egrave;re de s&eacute;lection. Dans le cadre de la s&eacute;lection des documents pour l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire sur le COVID19, nous proposons la grille ci-dessous&nbsp;: </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Crit&egrave;res de s&eacute;lection </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">El&eacute;ments observables </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Statut de l&rsquo;auteur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Officiels (gouvernement), </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Expert en la mati&egrave;re, chercheur</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">personnalit&eacute; public/ c&eacute;l&eacute;brit&eacute; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Anonyme </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Qualit&eacute; de la source</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Sources officiels ou non </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Sp&eacute;cialisation de l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur&nbsp;: l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur est-il dans le domaine de la sant&eacute; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">M&eacute;dias reconnus </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Qualit&eacute; du contenu </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pr&eacute;sence de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Pr&eacute;sence d&rsquo;illustrations, citations</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Actualit&eacute; ou mise &agrave; jour de l&rsquo;information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Objectivit&eacute; de l&rsquo;information</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:206px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">r&eacute;action suscit&eacute;e par la publication&nbsp; </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nombre de partage&nbsp;: Nombre de personnes repost&eacute; le document ou l&rsquo;information. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:408px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none" valign="top"> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Nombre d&rsquo;interactions (Nombre de personnes qui ont r&eacute;agi &agrave; la publication (commentaires, likes&hellip;)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">N&eacute;anmoins, cette grille ne remplace pas les principes archivistiques en mati&egrave;re de tri et de s&eacute;lection des documents, elle constitue un outil suppl&eacute;mentaire qui permet de prendre en compte la sp&eacute;cificit&eacute; du web. En effet, comme pour les documents sur support papier, &nbsp;la s&eacute;lection des archives web tourne autour de quatre &eacute;l&eacute;ments&nbsp;: la valeur de l&rsquo;information, l&rsquo;importance intrins&egrave;que ou historique des dossiers, l&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t pour la recherche et la valeur diplomatique des documents.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Conclusion</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:35.4pt; margin-bottom:13px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">L&rsquo;objectif poursuivi tout au long de notre recherche consistait &agrave; d&eacute;finir une m&eacute;thode &nbsp;de s&eacute;lection des documents dans le cadre de l&rsquo;archivage du web en temps de crise. Les r&eacute;sultats que nous avons obtenus suite &agrave; l&rsquo;analyse des donn&eacute;es collect&eacute;es aupr&egrave;s des archivistes et des historiens nous ont permis de d&eacute;finir les crit&egrave;res de s&eacute;lection et les &eacute;l&eacute;ments observables qui leurs sont associ&eacute;s. Ces crit&egrave;res fournissent aux professionnelles de l&rsquo;archivage des outils qui leur permettent de d&eacute;cider de quel document web doit &ecirc;tre conserv&eacute;s et quel autre ne pr&eacute;sente aucune valeur archivistique. Les documents les plus pertinents dans ce cadre sont donc ceux qui combinent plusieurs crit&egrave;res. D&rsquo;un point de vue op&eacute;rationnel, nous pensons que l&rsquo;approche</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> semi-automatis&eacute;e, au regard du volume des documents &agrave; traiter, qui combine l&rsquo;utilisation d&rsquo;un robot pour la collecte des documents web et l&rsquo;application des crit&egrave;res que nous avons pu d&eacute;finir constitue une m&eacute;thode ad&eacute;quate pour l&rsquo;archivage web dans le cadre de l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de l&rsquo;histoire d&rsquo;une crise comme celle du COVID19. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; margin-bottom:13px">&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><b>Bibliographie </b></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">&nbsp;</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Archive.org (2020, 13 f&eacute;vrier). Archiving information on the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19). <i>Internet Archive Blogs</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave;&nbsp; <a href="https://blog.archive.org/2020/02/13/archiving-information-on-the-novel-coronavirus-covid-19/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://blog.archive.org/2020/02/13/archiving-information-on-the-novel-coronavirus-covid-19/</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Archives Portal Europe (2020, 20 avril). Memories of the pandemic. <i>Archives Portal Europe Blog</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://archivesportaleurope.blog/2020/04/20/national-archives-malta-collecting-testimonies-on-lockdown/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://archivesportaleurope.blog/2020/04/20/national-archives-malta-collecting-testimonies-on-lockdown/</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Banat-Berger, F. (2010). Les archives et la r&eacute;volution num&eacute;rique. <i>Le D&eacute;bat</i>, 158, 70-82. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3917/deba.158.0070" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://doi.org/10.3917/deba.158.0070</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Bernigaud Florence, Sename C&eacute;line. Panorama de la collecte d&rsquo;archives &eacute;lectroniques dans les collectivit&eacute;s. In: <em>La Gazette des archives</em>, n&deg;245, 2017. Meta/morphoses. Les archives bouillons de culture num&eacute;rique &ndash; Forum des archivistes, 30-31 mars et 1er avril 2016. pp. 55-66.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Claus Sylvie. Pour une approche s&eacute;lective de la collecte des archives contemporaines : la m&eacute;thodologie en usage aux Archives d&eacute;partementales de la Savoie et l&rsquo;universit&eacute; Savoie-Mont-Blanc. In: <em>La Gazette des archives</em>, n&deg;243, 2016-3. Quel acc&egrave;s, quel traitement pour les documents et donn&eacute;es de l&#39;enseignement et de la recherche? Actes des journ&eacute;es d&#39;&eacute;tudes de la section Aurore - Archivistres des universit&eacute;s, rectorats, organismes de recherche et mouvements &eacute;tudiants - de l&#39;Association des archivistes fran&ccedil;ais des 28 novembre 2014 et 6 novembre 2015. pp. 129-141.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Depover, C., Quintin, J. J., &amp; Strebelle, A. (2013). Le Web 2.0, rupture ou continuit&eacute; dans les usages p&eacute;dagogiques du Web?. &Eacute;ducation et francophonie, 41(1), 173-191.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Doom Vincent, &laquo; L&rsquo;&eacute;valuation scientifique des archives, principes et strat&eacute;gies. Du melon au diamant &raquo;, dans La Gazette des archives, n&deg;202, 2006-2, pp. 5-43, [En ligne], adresse URL : <a href="http://www.persee.fr/doc/gazar_0016-5522_2006_num_202_2_3815" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">www.persee.fr/doc/gazar_0016-5522_2006_num_202_2_3815</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Dixon, Jennifer A. (2020, 28 avril). Documenting the pandemic: libraries launch COVID-19 archival projects. <i>Library Journal</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave;<u> <a href="https://www.libraryjournal.com/?detailStory=Documenting-Pandemic-Libraries-Launch-COVID-19-Archival-Projects-archives" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://www.libraryjournal.com/?detailStory=Documenting-Pandemic-Libraries-Launch-COVID-19-Archival-Projects-archives</a></u></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Dufour, C. (2009). Web 2.0, organisations et archivistique. Archives, 40(2), 3-26.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">ICA (Conseil international des archives) ([2020]). <i>COVID-19 &ndash; Bien documenter : un devoir plus que jamais essentiel en p&eacute;riode de crise</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave;</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;"><a href="https://www.ica.org/sites/default/files/covid_bien_documenter_est_essentiel.pdf" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://www.ica.org/sites/default/files/covid_bien_documenter_est_essentiel.pdf</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium) (2020a). <i>Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://archive-it.org/collections/13529" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">https://archive-it.org/collections/13529</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">IIPC (International Internet Preservation Consortium) (2020b, 13 f&eacute;vrier). Novel Coronavirus outbreak: help us collect websites. Billet publi&eacute; par IIPC Programme and Communications Officer. <i>Netpreserve blog</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://netpreserveblog.wordpress.com/2020/02/13/cdg-collection-novel-coronavirus/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://netpreserveblog.wordpress.com/2020/02/13/cdg-collection-novel-coronavirus/</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Jost, Cl&eacute;mence (2020, 23 mars). M&eacute;moires de confinement : ces projets qui archivent notre quotidien face au Coronavirus (Covid-19). <i>Archimag</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://www.archimag.com/archives-patrimoine/2020/03/23/memoires-confinement-projets-archivent-quotidien-coronavirus-covid-19" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://www.archimag.com/archives-patrimoine/2020/03/23/memoires-confinement-projets-archivent-quotidien-coronavirus-covid-19</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Labo Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Num&eacute;rique (2020, 8 juin). <i>Comment les mus&eacute;es, services des archives et la BnF &laquo;&nbsp;archivent&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;documentent&nbsp;&raquo; la crise sanitaire</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://labo.societenumerique.gouv.fr/2020/06/08/comment-les-musees-services-des-archives-et-la-bnf-archivent-et-documentent-la-crise-sanitaire/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://labo.societenumerique.gouv.fr/2020/06/08/comment-les-musees-services-des-archives-et-la-bnf-archivent-et-documentent-la-crise-sanitaire/</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Makhlouf, Basma (2009),&nbsp; La contribution des principes de l&#39;&eacute;valuation archivistique aux qualit&eacute;s des archives d&eacute;finitives The contribution of the appraisal principles to the qualities of historical archives Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26843470_La_contribution_des_principes_de_l'evaluation_archivistique_aux_qualites_des_archives_definitivesThe_contribution_of_the_appraisal_principles_to_the_qualities_of_historical_archives/citation/download" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26843470_La_contribution_des_principes_de_l&#39;evaluation_archivistique_aux_qualites_des_archives_definitivesThe_contribution_of_the_appraisal_principles_to_the_qualities_of_historical_archives/citation/download</a> </span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Makhlouf Shabou, Basma (2015), Fonction d&#39;&eacute;valuation des archives : bilan sommaire des d&eacute;veloppements, des enjeux actuels et des d&eacute;fis futurs.&nbsp; Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://arodes.hes-so.ch/record/1530" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://arodes.hes-so.ch/record/1530</a> </span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Moffatt, Christie (2020, 26 mars). Archiving web content on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). <i>Circulating Now &ndash; US National Library of Medicine</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/03/26/archiving-web-content-on-the-coronavirus-disease-covid-19/" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/03/26/archiving-web-content-on-the-coronavirus-disease-covid-19/</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Papp, A. (2018). L&rsquo;infob&eacute;sit&eacute;, une &eacute;pid&eacute;mie &agrave; l&rsquo;&acirc;ge des nouvelles technologies de l&rsquo;information et de la communication?. Regards croises sur l&#39;economie, (2), 105-113.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Puren, M. (2020). L&#39;archivage du Web.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Rebecca Giesbrecht, Jenna Murdock Smith, &laquo; Everything Old Is New Again: The Evolution of Generic Appraisal at Library and Archives Canada &raquo;, dans Archivaria, vol. 84, Fall 2017,&nbsp; [En ligne], adresse URL : <a href="https://archivaria.ca/index.php/archivaria/issue/view/469" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://archivaria.ca/index.php/archivaria/issue/view/469</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Rieger, Oya Y. (2020, 6 avril). Documenting the COVID-19 Pandemic: archiving the present for future research (blog post). <i>Ithaka S+R</i>. 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Covid-19 Museum: [CaMPA] [C]ollaborative archive for [M]emory, [P]edagogy and [A]nalysis of Covid-19 pandemic. <i>Just One Giant Lab (JOGL)</i>. Rep&eacute;r&eacute; &agrave; <a href="https://app.jogl.io/project/175" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">https://app.jogl.io/project/175</a></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Senellart, P. (2017). Archivage du Web</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, &quot;serif&quot;">Spinney, Laura (2020). 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