<p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">La rapidit&eacute; des d&eacute;veloppements technologiques dont ceux li&eacute;s &agrave; l&rsquo;information, la complexit&eacute; et le caract&egrave;re al&eacute;atoire de l&rsquo;&eacute;conomie mondiale, imposent d&eacute;sormais &agrave; l&rsquo;entreprise et par extension &agrave; l&rsquo;&Eacute;tat, &eacute;tant donn&eacute; que c&rsquo;est un acteur important de l&rsquo;environnement de l&rsquo;entreprise, d&rsquo;avoir une r&eacute;flexion strat&eacute;gique afin de pr&eacute;voir l&rsquo;&eacute;volution des march&eacute;s, de minimiser les incertitudes, d&rsquo;aboutir aux choix qui pr&eacute;pareront l&rsquo;entreprise aux risques et qui lui permettront &eacute;galement de saisir les opportunit&eacute;s pour faire face, dans les meilleures conditions possibles, aux &eacute;volutions incessantes. Plus que jamais, le d&eacute;veloppement et m&ecirc;me la survie des entreprises passent par la ma&icirc;trise d&rsquo;une information toujours plus &laquo;&nbsp;complexe&nbsp;&raquo;, toujours plus pr&eacute;sente, toujours plus n&eacute;cessaire (Dou, 1992).&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Les informations issues des documents brevets sont une source d&rsquo;information scientifique et technique importante &agrave; plusieurs &eacute;gards (De&nbsp;<span style="color:black">Rassenfosse et van Pottelsberghe, 2008&nbsp;; OCDE, 2009&nbsp;;&nbsp;</span>Fisch, Sander et Regner, 2017<span style="color:black">).&nbsp;</span>Le d&eacute;nombrement des brevets d&eacute;pos&eacute;s aupr&egrave;s des offices et l&rsquo;analyse statistique de leurs caract&eacute;ristiques fournissent une mesure de l&rsquo;activit&eacute; de recherche dans la quasi-totalit&eacute; des secteurs (Bar&eacute;e et Laville, 1994). Que ce soit pour un pays ou pour une grande entreprise, il est fondamentalement n&eacute;cessaire d&rsquo;avoir des indicateurs g&eacute;n&eacute;raux qui permettront de mesurer la capacit&eacute; d&rsquo;innovation dudit pays ou de ladite grande entreprise pour conna&icirc;tre leurs forces et leurs faiblesses respectives. Si ces indicateurs s&rsquo;attachent &agrave; &eacute;valuer l&rsquo;innovation d&rsquo;une grande entreprise, le champ d&rsquo;&eacute;tude peut se restreindre au secteur d&rsquo;activit&eacute; de cette derni&egrave;re. Par contre, s&rsquo;ils sont appliqu&eacute;s au niveau macro&eacute;conomique comme la d&eacute;termination de la puissance d&rsquo;innovation dans un pays, le champ d&rsquo;&eacute;tude s&rsquo;&eacute;largit et concernera tous les domaines d&rsquo;activit&eacute;s&nbsp;: hydrocarbure, pharmaceutique, agriculture, industrie, etc.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">La probl&eacute;matique de notre recherche s&rsquo;inscrit dans cette derni&egrave;re perspective (macro&eacute;conomique) et a pour questionnement g&eacute;n&eacute;ral&nbsp;: comment l&rsquo;&Eacute;tat alg&eacute;rien (les acteurs d&eacute;cisionnels) peut se donner les moyens de pilotage concernant sa puissance d&rsquo;innovation, notamment celle qui concerne les secteurs cl&eacute;s de son tissu &eacute;conomique&nbsp;?&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Ce travail de recherche s&rsquo;inscrit dans une r&eacute;flexion g&eacute;n&eacute;rale sur</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">&nbsp;les moyens de pilotage. Par moyen de pilotage, nous entendons la mani&egrave;re par laquelle l&rsquo;Alg&eacute;rie peut suivre l&rsquo;&eacute;tat de l&rsquo;&eacute;volution technologique de ses secteurs strat&eacute;giques et peut d&eacute;terminer la pr&eacute;sence de &laquo;&nbsp;d&eacute;pendance strat&eacute;gique&nbsp;&raquo; (Dou, Juillet, Clerc, 2018) par rapport au monde ext&eacute;rieur (pays &eacute;trangers) dans l&rsquo;un de ses secteurs.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Dans notre article, nous nous int&eacute;resserons aux exp&eacute;riences que les inventions engendrent, non pas au sens de la r&eacute;utilisation des technologies existantes (innovation frugale) mais au sens de l&rsquo;exploitation de la production informationnelle qu&rsquo;elles contiennent (les brevets) pour cr&eacute;er des connaissances strat&eacute;giques, utiles au syst&egrave;me de d&eacute;cision de l&rsquo;une des composantes essentielles &agrave; l&rsquo;essor &eacute;conomique d&rsquo;un pays, les institutions.&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Les &eacute;tudes qui se sont int&eacute;ress&eacute;es au domaine de l&rsquo;innovation alg&eacute;rienne (Amdaoud, 2017&nbsp;; Djeflat, 2006&nbsp;; Hammoutene et Ferfera, 2015&nbsp;; Haudeville et Bouacida, 2006 ; Mancer, 2011), estiment que le pays n&rsquo;a pas su entreprendre la politique n&eacute;cessaire pour r&eacute;ussir ce transfert technologique et acc&eacute;der au rattrapage &eacute;conomique esp&eacute;r&eacute;. C&rsquo;est par ce constat que nous nous sommes int&eacute;ress&eacute;s au domaine de l&rsquo;innovation alg&eacute;rienne.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Nous analyserons dans cet article les domaines d&rsquo;application des brevets d&eacute;pos&eacute;s en Alg&eacute;rie. Le recueil des brevets se fera par le biais d&rsquo;un outil open source, Patent2Net. Ce dernier permet d&rsquo;interroger la base de donn&eacute;es Espacenet (110 millions de documents brevet).&nbsp;&nbsp;L&rsquo;objectif est de d&eacute;terminer,&nbsp;<span style="color:black">selon le principe de Dou, Juillet et Clerc (2018),</span>&nbsp;<span style="color:black">d&rsquo;&eacute;ventuelles d&eacute;pendances strat&eacute;giques technologiques dans les secteurs d&rsquo;activit&eacute;s cl&eacute;s de ce pays. En effet, nous avons constat&eacute; dans notre corpus que les d&eacute;p&ocirc;ts prioritaires, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire les brevets d&eacute;pos&eacute;s en Alg&eacute;rie par les Alg&eacute;riens, sont tr&egrave;s faibles (102 brevets), soit une contribution de 5,81% par rapport au total des d&eacute;p&ocirc;ts (1753 brevets). Nous postulons d&egrave;s lors que l&rsquo;Alg&eacute;rie a une forme de &laquo;&nbsp;d&eacute;pendance strat&eacute;gique&nbsp;&raquo; par rapport aux technologies d&eacute;tenues par les brevets d&eacute;pos&eacute;s sur son territoire.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">Nous proposerons ensuite des recommandations pour le pilotage de l&rsquo;innovation en Alg&eacute;rie &agrave; travers l&rsquo;information scientifique et technique. En effet, nous estimons que l&rsquo;exploitation de l&rsquo;information brevet dans le cadre d&rsquo;une d&eacute;marche d&rsquo;intelligence &eacute;conomique reposant sur les m&eacute;canismes du cycle de renseignement peut constituer un moyen efficace de description des forces et enjeux de l&rsquo;industrie nationale alg&eacute;rienne ainsi que la d&eacute;finition de nouvelles strat&eacute;gies de d&eacute;veloppement.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:35.4pt">&nbsp;</p> <p class="Bibliographieperso" style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-35.45pt; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><b>Bibliographie</b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Bibliographieperso" style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-35.45pt; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">AMDAOUD M., &laquo;&nbsp;Le Syst&egrave;me National d&rsquo;Innovation en Alg&eacute;rie : entre inertie institutionnelle et sous-apprentissage&nbsp;&raquo;, Innovations, Vol.2, N&deg;53, pp. 69-104, 2017.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">BARRÉ R., LAVILLE F., &laquo;&nbsp;La bibliom&eacute;trie des brevets : une mesure de l&#39;activit&eacute; technologique&nbsp;&raquo;, &Eacute;conomie et statistique, Vol.275, N&deg;1, pp. 71-81, 1994.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Bibliographieperso" style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-35.45pt; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">DJEFLAT A., L&#39;&eacute;conomie fond&eacute;e sur la connaissance : &eacute;tat des lieux et perspectives pour l&#39;Alg&eacute;rie, &Eacute;ditions Dar El Adib, Oran&nbsp;, 2006.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">DE RASSENFOSSE G., VAN POTTELSBERGHE DE LA POTTERIE B., &laquo; A Policy Insight into the R&amp;D Patent Relationship &raquo;, Research Policy, Vol.38, N&deg;5, pp. 779-792, 2008.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">DOU H., La veille technologique&nbsp;: L&rsquo;information scientifique, technique et industrielle, Dunod, Paris, 1992.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">DOU H., JUILLET A., CLERC P., L&rsquo;intelligence &eacute;conomique du futur 2&nbsp;: Une nouvelle approche de la fonction information, ISTE &Eacute;ditions, Londres, 2018.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">FISCH, C., SANDNER, P., REGNER, L., &laquo;&nbsp;The value of Chinese patents: An empirical investigation of citation lags&nbsp;&raquo;, China Economic Review, Vol.45, pp. 22-34, 2017.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Bibliographieperso" style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-35.45pt; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="color:black">OCDE, Manuel de l&rsquo;OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets, Les &Eacute;ditions de l&rsquo;OCDE, Paris, 2009.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; text-indent:-35.45pt; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">HAMMOUTENE O., FERFERA M.Y., &laquo;&nbsp;Politiques publiques pour le soutien des PME innovantes en Alg&eacute;rie : Bilan et perspectives&nbsp;&raquo;, Revues EcoNature, N&deg;1, pp. 1-10, 2015.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Bibliographieperso" style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-35.45pt; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-left:47px"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none">HAUDEVILLE B., BOUACIDA R.Y., &laquo;&nbsp;Les relations entre activit&eacute;s technologiques, innovation et croissance dans les PME alg&eacute;riennes : une &eacute;tude empirique bas&eacute;e sur un &eacute;chantillon d&rsquo;entreprises&nbsp;&raquo;, Actes du colloque international de l&rsquo;Institut Sup&eacute;rieur de Gestion et de Planification (ISGP), Alger, 2006.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:0px"><span style="caret-color:#000000"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-caps:normal"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="letter-spacing:normal"><span style="orphans:auto"><span style="text-transform:none"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="widows:auto"><span style="word-spacing:0px"><span style="-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="line-height:24px"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif">MANCER I., &laquo;&nbsp;L&rsquo;entreprise alg&eacute;rienne et l&rsquo;innovation : un essai d&rsquo;analyse&nbsp;&raquo;, Les Cahiers du CREAD, N&deg;98/99, pp. 31-47, 2011.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>