<p>Deux d&eacute;crets-lois ont institu&eacute; au Maroc l&rsquo;&eacute;tat d&rsquo;urgence sanitaire comme r&eacute;ponse au d&eacute;fi constitu&eacute; par la pand&eacute;mie de la covid-19. Ils ont &eacute;t&eacute; pris en application des dispositions constitutionnelles permettant au gouvernement de l&eacute;gif&eacute;rer dans l&rsquo;intervalle des sessions parlementaires avec l&rsquo;accord des commissions concern&eacute;es des deux chambres. Ils ont &eacute;t&eacute; compl&eacute;t&eacute;s par la mise en place d&rsquo;un comit&eacute; de veille charg&eacute; d&rsquo;att&eacute;nuer les effets de la crise sur les plans &eacute;conomique, fiscal et social. Ils posent le probl&egrave;me de la l&eacute;galit&eacute; p&eacute;nale de l&rsquo;incrimination et des sanctions qu&rsquo;ils pr&eacute;voient. La justice p&eacute;nale a adapt&eacute; son fonctionnement aux nouvelles contraintes, notamment du point de vue de la tenue des audiences. Sont pr&eacute;vus un moratoire et un all&egrave;gement des d&eacute;lais processuels, ainsi qu&rsquo;un am&eacute;nagement des mesures de privation des libert&eacute;s et d&rsquo;ex&eacute;cution des peines. Si les autorit&eacute;s publiques b&eacute;n&eacute;ficient de larges pouvoirs pendant la p&eacute;riode de circonstances exceptionnelles, ces pouvoirs s&rsquo;exercent sous le contr&ocirc;le du juge administratif. Par ailleurs, il doit s&rsquo;agir de mesures pr&eacute;ventives et anticipatives, correspondant &agrave; une l&eacute;galit&eacute; d&rsquo;exception, adapt&eacute;es et proportionn&eacute;es aux imp&eacute;ratifs de la crise sanitaire, et limit&eacute;es &agrave; la dur&eacute;e des circonstances de cette crise.</p> <p><em>Abstract: Two decree-laws established in Morocco the state of health emergency as a response to the challenge constituted by the covid-19 pandemic. They were made in application of constitutional provisions allowing the government to legislate between parliamentary sessions with the agreement of the relevant committees of both chambers. They were supplemented by the establishment of a watch committee responsible for mitigating the effects of the crisis on the economic, fiscal and social levels. They pose the problem of the criminal legality of the incrimination and the penalties they provide. The criminal justice system has adapted its operation to the new constraints, in particular from the point of view of the holding of hearings. There is a moratorium and a reduction in procedural delays, as well as an adjustment of measures for the deprivation of freedoms and the execution of sentences. While public authorities enjoy broad powers during the period of exceptional circumstances, these powers are exercised under the control of the administrative judge.</em></p> <p><em>Otherwise, it must be preventive and anticipatory measures, corresponding to exceptional legality, adapted and proportionate to the requirements of the health crisis, and limited to the duration of the circumstances of this crisis</em>.</p>