<p><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute; :</strong></p> <p>La politique &eacute;ducative fran&ccedil;aise &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;gard des &eacute;l&egrave;ves allophones s&rsquo;est d&eacute;velopp&eacute;e dans les ann&eacute;es 1970, pour des raisons socio&eacute;conomiques. Les structures d&rsquo;accueil, tout comme la conception didactique de la langue fran&ccedil;aise, ont &eacute;volu&eacute;, parall&egrave;lement aux d&eacute;nominations successives et parfois scl&eacute;rosantes des &eacute;l&egrave;ves concern&eacute;s. Depuis 2002, les structures ferm&eacute;es ont &eacute;t&eacute; remplac&eacute;es par des dispositifs ouverts, parfois mobiles, &agrave; la charge financi&egrave;re des Acad&eacute;mies. L&rsquo;autonomie p&eacute;dagogique et financi&egrave;re des &eacute;tablissements cons&eacute;cutive, si elle peut &ecirc;tre une source d&rsquo;innovation ou de motivation pour les professionnels, est aussi une r&eacute;ponse inadapt&eacute;e &agrave; la probl&eacute;matique des allophones &ndash; au capital culturel et scolaire variables mais au profil socio&eacute;conomique majoritairement populaire, voire pr&eacute;caire &ndash; qui ne tient pas compte de facteurs ethnographiques. En donnant plus d&rsquo;autonomie aux &eacute;tablissements &ndash; donc moins de moyens &ndash; l&rsquo;institution se d&eacute;fausse de la probl&eacute;matique allophone, et dans le m&ecirc;me temps, le FLS perd progressivement son statut didactique.&nbsp; Ce sont ces questions d&rsquo;ordre didactique que nous d&eacute;velopperons dans cet article.</p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s&nbsp;:</strong> allophone, politique &eacute;ducative, UPE2A, FLS, discrimination scolaire, autonomie </span></span></p> <p><strong>Abstract :</strong></p> <p>French educational policy towards allophone students developed in the 1970s for socio-economic reasons. The reception structures, as well as the didactic conception of the French language, evolved in parallel with the successive and sometimes sclerosing names of the students concerned. Since 2002, the closed structures have been replaced by open, sometimes mobile, facilities, at the financial expense of the Academies. The resulting pedagogical and financial autonomy of schools, while it may be a source of innovation or motivation for professionals, is also an unsuitable response to the problems of allophones - with variable cultural and educational capital but a predominantly popular, even precarious, socio-economic profile - which does not take account of ethnographic factors. By giving more autonomy to institutions - and therefore fewer resources - the institution is getting rid of the allophone problem, and at the same time, FSL is gradually losing its didactic status.&nbsp; It is these didactic issues that we will develop in this article.</p> <p><strong>Keywords : </strong>allophone, educational policy, UPE2A, FSL, school discrimination, autonomy</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif">Julie Prevost-Zuddas</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"> - Universit&eacute; de Lorraine </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif"><a href="mailto:julie.zuddas@univ-lorraine.fr" style="color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline">julie.zuddas@univ-lorraine.fr</a> </span></span></p>