<p>La r&eacute;daction d&rsquo;une th&egrave;se ob&eacute;it &agrave; des normes et des usages discursifs, organisationnels et m&eacute;thodologiques tr&egrave;s stricts, quoique rarement formul&eacute;s de mani&egrave;re explicite. L&rsquo;appropriation de ces conventions constitue une r&eacute;elle difficult&eacute; pour les doctorants internationaux, qui ont &eacute;labor&eacute; au cours de leur formation une litt&eacute;ratie en d&eacute;calage plus ou moins important avec les pratiques argumentatives et rh&eacute;toriques de leur laboratoire d&rsquo;accueil. Nous r&eacute;f&eacute;rant aux analyses de notre propre recherche doctorale, nous nous focaliserons sur un seul champ disciplinaire pour tenter de r&eacute;pondre &agrave; la question : &laquo;Qu&rsquo;attend-on d&rsquo;un doctorant en sciences du langage quant &agrave; la conduite et &agrave; la r&eacute;daction de sa recherche ? &raquo;</p> <p>Pour ce faire, nous postulons la n&eacute;cessit&eacute; de prendre en compte le caract&egrave;re situ&eacute; de toute investigation scientifique, rompant ainsi avec une vision universaliste de l&rsquo;&eacute;laboration de la connaissance. Dans cette optique, l&rsquo;&eacute;criture de recherche ne peut &ecirc;tre &eacute;tudi&eacute;e dans sa seule dimension linguistique ou textuelle, mais gagne &agrave; &ecirc;tre &eacute;clair&eacute;e par une perspective socio-anthropologique, s&rsquo;appuyant dans notre cas sur une d&eacute;marche qualitative interpr&eacute;tative. Nous pr&eacute;senterons tout d&rsquo;abord les grandes lignes du cadre th&eacute;orique (ancr&eacute; dans la didactique de l&rsquo;&eacute;crit universitaire en contexte francophone, la th&eacute;orie de la connaissance et l&rsquo;anthropologie de la communication). Nous montrerons ensuite comment une enqu&ecirc;te de type ethnographique permet de mettre au jour certains des codes et usages enfouis, mais structurant la r&eacute;daction d&rsquo;une th&egrave;se en sciences du langage, qui circulent dans la communaut&eacute; scientifique des chercheurs de cette discipline. Dans ce but, un corpus pr&eacute;cis, parmi les cinq auxquels est consacr&eacute; notre travail doctoral, sera analys&eacute; ici : il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un ensemble d&rsquo;extraits de th&egrave;ses r&eacute;centes en sciences du langage, signal&eacute;es par des enseignants-chercheurs de l&rsquo;universit&eacute; de Franche-Comt&eacute;, terrain de notre recherche, comme particuli&egrave;rement r&eacute;ussies. &Agrave; partir de ces analyses, nous tenterons de d&eacute;gager quelques attendus r&eacute;dactionnels, essentiels mais invisibles, et de proposer quelques pistes didactiques visant &agrave; surmonter certains des obstacles rencontr&eacute;s.</p> <p><strong>Abstract </strong>:&nbsp;</p> <p>The writing of a doctoral thesis is run by very strict discursive, organizational and methodological norms and uses, even though these norms are seldom explicitly formulated. Learning these uses is an important difficulty for international doctoral students, partly because their literacy is rather different from the writing practices of their host university, especially at a rhetorical level. Out of the analysis conducted through our own doctoral research, we will focus on a single specific disciplinary field in order to attempt answering the question: &ldquo;What is expected from doctoral students in linguistics concerning the conducting and writing of their research in France?&rdquo;</p> <p>For this purpose we postulate that it is necessary to take into account the situated specifically situated nature of any scientific investigation, and thus to break with a universalist conception of knowledge construction. Consequently, research writing cannot be analyzed in its linguistic or textual dimension only. It could rather be successfully enlightened if considered from an anthropological point of view, which we will thus develop through a qualitative and interpretative approach.</p> <p>First of all we will present our theoretical framework, which is rooted in the fields of academic writing teaching and learning, epistemology and communication anthropology. Then we will show how an ethnografic-based investigation is able to bring to light some hidden codes and uses that govern the writing of a PhD dissertation and are currently found among the researchers&rsquo; scientific community works. To that end,&nbsp;we will analyze in this article one of the five text corpora studied in our doctoral research, <em>i.e</em>. extracts of recent doctoral thesis in linguistics that a group of PhD supervisors at the Universit&eacute; de Franche-Comt&eacute; (our ground of investigation) reported us as being particularly brilliant ones.</p> <p>The findings should lead to a better understanding of a few essential but invisible expectations, and allow us to suggest some teaching directions in order to overcome a number of difficulties these students have to face in their writing process.</p> <p><strong>Keywords </strong>: <em>International doctoral students, French for academic purposes, Academic writing expectations, Academic cultures, Academic literacies</em></p>