<h1>Une &eacute;dition posthume de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, la table &eacute;tymologique russe</h1> <p>&nbsp;</p> <h2>Introduction</h2> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, connue et cit&eacute;e dans les pays d&rsquo;Europe centrale, notamment en Tch&eacute;coslovaquie (Tesni&egrave;re 1953 et 1959/1966), semble avoir &eacute;t&eacute; relativement peu consid&eacute;r&eacute;e en France jusque dans les derni&egrave;res ann&eacute;es en dehors de la r&eacute;f&eacute;rence explicite du Centre de Recherche Lucien Tesni&egrave;re &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; de Besan&ccedil;on, de son coll&egrave;gue et ami le germaniste Jean Fourquet (Fourquet 1969) qui a &eacute;t&eacute; avec Daumas &agrave; l&rsquo;origine de la publication posthume de Tesni&egrave;re (1959), du slavisant Paul Garde (russe et serbo-croate) et surtout de Claude Vincenot (russe et slov&egrave;ne), auteur d&rsquo;une grammaire du slov&egrave;ne dans la lign&eacute;e directe de Tesni&egrave;re (Schlamberger Brezar 2020).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">J&rsquo;ai montr&eacute; (Pognan 2022) que l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re a &eacute;t&eacute; &agrave; tort consid&eacute;r&eacute;e par des linguistes fran&ccedil;ais de premier plan comme &laquo;&nbsp;historique&nbsp;&raquo;, sans &laquo;&nbsp;influence d&eacute;cisive&nbsp;&raquo; sur les &eacute;tudes syntaxiques et d&rsquo;une &laquo;&nbsp;minceur&nbsp;&raquo; surprenante, toutes affirmations dont on peut ais&eacute;ment d&eacute;montrer qu&rsquo;elles sont inexactes.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Je souhaite m&rsquo;arr&ecirc;ter un instant sur l&rsquo;ampleur de l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre que j&rsquo;ai d&eacute;fendue en ces termes&nbsp;: </span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>Les publications de Tesni&egrave;re ne sont pas si r&eacute;duites, tr&egrave;s exactement une soixantaine. Elles sont riches, diversifi&eacute;es, &eacute;clectiques. Elles concernent le slov&egrave;ne avec des ouvrages importants pour la communaut&eacute; slov&egrave;ne (Tesni&egrave;re 1925a, b, c), les langues slaves en g&eacute;n&eacute;ral (1929, 1935, 1952) et le russe en particulier (1939a)&nbsp;(grammaire (1934b), vocabulaire (1957)), des articles aff&eacute;rents &agrave; l&rsquo;Allemagne et &agrave; l&rsquo;Alsace, des articles notamment avec Meillet sur les atlas linguistiques et surtout des articles publi&eacute;s dans le cadre du Cercle linguistique de Prague qui ont une importance strat&eacute;gique (Tesni&egrave;re 1932, 1939b) et des articles pr&eacute;paratoires &agrave; la conception et &agrave; la r&eacute;alisation de la syntaxe (1934a, 1953). Comment peut-on parler de minceur de l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre &agrave; propos de quelqu&rsquo;un qui a publi&eacute; un ouvrage fondamental de quelque 675 pages, m&ecirc;me post-mortem&nbsp;(1959/1966) ?</p> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">J&rsquo;ai particuli&egrave;rement d&eacute;velopp&eacute; les publications d&eacute;di&eacute;es au slov&egrave;ne dans un autre article (Pognan 2020). </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les quelques bibliographies compl&egrave;tes de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re indiquent g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement deux publications post-mortem&nbsp;(Tesni&egrave;re 1957 et 1959). </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;ouvrage collectif (Neveu, Roig 2022) apporte de tr&egrave;s nombreux &eacute;clairages sur l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re et notamment la citation d&rsquo;une troisi&egrave;me publication post-mortem (Tesni&egrave;re 1970), une &laquo;&nbsp;Table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;&raquo; cit&eacute;e par Marie-H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Tesni&egrave;re dans la pr&eacute;face de l&rsquo;ouvrage (page XI) et dans la bibliographie du chapitre 7 (Bergounioux 2022).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;influence et la descendance de Tesni&egrave;re sont &eacute;valu&eacute;es d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s les travaux de syntaxe (Tesni&egrave;re 1957, 1959/1966 et 2015). La &laquo;&nbsp;table s&eacute;mantique&nbsp;&raquo; (Tesni&egrave;re 1957) et la &laquo;&nbsp;table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;&raquo; (Tesni&egrave;re 1970) apportent le dessein d&rsquo;un vaste projet p&eacute;dagogique en faveur de l&rsquo;apprentissage du russe.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>1. Un projet p&eacute;dagogique</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans la pr&eacute;face de l&rsquo;ouvrage de Neveu et Roig (2022), Marie-H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Tesni&egrave;re souligne que Lucien Tesni&egrave;re </span></span></span><q>souhaitait faire &lsquo;&oelig;uvre de p&eacute;dagogue, plut&ocirc;t qu&rsquo;&oelig;uvre scientifique&rsquo;</q><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.&nbsp; En plus des travaux sur le russe, il avait quasiment achev&eacute; en 1935 une <i>Petite grammaire allemande</i>, mais aussi une <i>Grammaire fran&ccedil;aise pour &eacute;trangers</i>.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans la pr&eacute;face de la &laquo;&nbsp;table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;&raquo;, Michel Tesni&egrave;re, polytechnicien, l&rsquo;un des deux fils<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[1]</span></span></span></span></a> de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, pr&eacute;sente l&rsquo;inventaire du projet p&eacute;dagogique russe &eacute;labor&eacute; de 1925 &agrave; 1947&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>1. une table s&eacute;mantique o&ugrave; les mots sont rang&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s le sens (publi&eacute;e) [Tesni&egrave;re 1957]&nbsp;;</p> <p>2. une table &eacute;tymologique que voici, o&ugrave; les mots sont group&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s la racine [Tesni&egrave;re 1970]&nbsp;;</p> <p>3. une table grammaticale o&ugrave; les mots sont class&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s leurs caract&eacute;ristiques grammaticales (non publi&eacute;e)&nbsp;;</p> <p>4. une table fr&eacute;quentielle o&ugrave; les mots sont ordonn&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s leur fr&eacute;quence d&rsquo;emploi (non publi&eacute;e)&nbsp;;</p> <p>5. une table alphab&eacute;tique, renvoyant pour chaque mot &agrave; chacune des quatre premi&egrave;res tables (non publi&eacute;e).</p> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lucien Tesni&egrave;re a enti&egrave;rement r&eacute;alis&eacute; &agrave; la main ce travail colossal avec l&rsquo;aide de son &eacute;pouse. Michel d&eacute;crit la d&eacute;marche adopt&eacute;e&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>Il proc&eacute;dait &agrave; l&rsquo;examen critique du mat&eacute;riel rassembl&eacute;, &eacute;liminait les particularit&eacute;s de d&eacute;tail pour ne retenir que les traits essentiels en vue de l&rsquo;enseignement, d&eacute;gageait les r&egrave;gles principales, ordonnait m&eacute;thodiquement les faits &agrave; exposer et finalement r&eacute;digeait les paragraphes successifs &hellip;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </blockquote> <h2>2. La table &eacute;tymologique</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La <i>Table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;: les mots russes class&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s leur racine</i> a &eacute;t&eacute; publi&eacute;e en tant que <i>Document de linguistique quantitative </i>n&deg; 8 en 1970. Cette collection a &eacute;t&eacute; cr&eacute;&eacute;e, puis dirig&eacute;e par Daniel H&eacute;rault qui est, en grande partie, &agrave; l&rsquo;origine de la publication de la table &eacute;tymologique.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Cet ouvrage comprend, dans l&rsquo;ordre, une table des mati&egrave;res en t&ecirc;te d&rsquo;ouvrage, la pr&eacute;face r&eacute;dig&eacute;e par Michel Tesni&egrave;re, la bibliographie de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, un avant-propos de Daniel H&eacute;rault, un tableau des vocalisations slaves (slavon et russe) des diphtongues indo-europ&eacute;ennes (devant consonnes), un avertissement de l&rsquo;&eacute;diteur, puis sur 106 pages la table elle-m&ecirc;me class&eacute;e dans l&rsquo;ordre alphab&eacute;tique, les emprunts du russe &agrave; diff&eacute;rentes langues &eacute;trang&egrave;res et enfin un index.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>3. Examen de la table &eacute;tymologique</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La table &eacute;tymologique (TE) contient environ un millier de racines, ce qui constitue un ensemble important, puisque l&rsquo;on sait qu&rsquo;une langue indo-europ&eacute;enne contient de l&rsquo;ordre de 1200 / 1300 racines</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(H&eacute;rault <i>et al. </i>1981). En slave, les racines ont majoritairement une forme&nbsp;: entr&eacute;e consonantique (une ou plusieurs consonnes = &laquo;&nbsp;attaque&nbsp;&raquo; de la syllabe </span>&ndash; <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">support vocalique (pouvant &ecirc;tre absent) ou &laquo;&nbsp;noyau&nbsp;&raquo; </span>&ndash; <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">sortie consonantique ou &laquo;&nbsp;coda&nbsp;&raquo; (une ou plusieurs consonnes).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les racines de la table correspondent aux quelque 6000 mots du <i>Petit vocabulaire russe</i>, lui-m&ecirc;me obtenu par l&rsquo;&eacute;tude d&rsquo;auteurs classiques. La table est organis&eacute;e alphab&eacute;tiquement d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;ordre des racines transcrites en caract&egrave;res latins. Sous chaque racine sont not&eacute;s les mots russes en cyrillique avec leur traduction fran&ccedil;aise. Ces racines sont aff&eacute;rentes &agrave; l&rsquo;ensemble du vocabulaire russe sans distinction de type tel que racine verbo-nominale oppos&eacute;e &agrave; racine (uniquement) nominale comme peuvent le faire les grammaires des langues s&eacute;mitiques. Cette distinction est pourtant importante, car les racines du premier type semblent bien plus int&eacute;ressantes pour la m&eacute;canique de la langue et la cr&eacute;ation du lexique.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La table est dite &laquo;&nbsp;&eacute;tymologique&nbsp;&raquo;, ce qui laisse entendre une vision d&rsquo;apprentissage diachronique. Mais la table &eacute;tymologique n&rsquo;est accompagn&eacute;e ni d&rsquo;un expos&eacute; de grammaire historique ni d&rsquo;une pr&eacute;sentation de la notation des racines et des choix adopt&eacute;s. Blankoff (1974) fait une critique virulente de la table&nbsp;: </span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>La table m&eacute;lange all&egrave;grement les concepts, les formes slavonnes et russes sont m&ecirc;l&eacute;es sans avertissement, elle indique des rapprochements avec le fran&ccedil;ais qui sont quelquefois fort discutables, contient des erreurs, &hellip; le concept m&ecirc;me de racine, fondamental ici, n&#39;est pas d&eacute;fini et les formes sous lesquelles sont pr&eacute;sent&eacute;es ces racines, parfois assez arbitraires, ne sont pas justifi&eacute;es.</p> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">C&rsquo;est pourquoi je soumettrai les racines &agrave; un examen attentif pour tenter d&rsquo;appr&eacute;hender les choix de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re en gardant &agrave; l&rsquo;esprit que son projet concernait l&rsquo;enseignement du russe.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Cet examen n&eacute;cessite que l&rsquo;on s&rsquo;arr&ecirc;te quelques instants sur les caract&eacute;ristiques des &eacute;critures en g&eacute;n&eacute;ral et des &eacute;critures slaves en particulier.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;&eacute;criture d&rsquo;une langue est un code qui r&eacute;pond plus ou moins bien &agrave; la cha&icirc;ne parl&eacute;e d&rsquo;une part et au syst&egrave;me linguistique d&rsquo;autre part. Cet aspect de code se per&ccedil;oit de mani&egrave;re plus &eacute;vidente lorsqu&rsquo;une langue est (ou a &eacute;t&eacute;) &eacute;crite &agrave; l&rsquo;aide de plusieurs syst&egrave;mes&nbsp;: les langues turques d&rsquo;Asie centrale ont &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;crites en caract&egrave;res arabes, en caract&egrave;res latins et en caract&egrave;res cyrilliques&nbsp;; le turc en caract&egrave;res arabes (osmanlı) et en caract&egrave;res latins&nbsp;; le serbe traditionnellement &eacute;crit en cyrillique, mais aussi en latin, a &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;crit pendant la domination turque en caract&egrave;res arabes. &Agrave; l&rsquo;inverse, d&egrave;s la M&eacute;sopotamie, une &eacute;criture a servi &agrave; repr&eacute;senter plusieurs langues et m&ecirc;me types de langues&nbsp;: indo-europ&eacute;ennes, s&eacute;mitiques ou autres en cun&eacute;iforme. L&rsquo;&eacute;tendue des caract&egrave;res latins est plan&eacute;taire.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La premi&egrave;re &eacute;criture slave, l&rsquo;&eacute;criture glagolitique, est cr&eacute;&eacute;e en Grande Moravie dans les ann&eacute;es 860 de l&rsquo;&egrave;re chr&eacute;tienne par Constantin (Cyrille) sur la base de l&rsquo;onciale grecque. Le grand m&eacute;rite de Constantin est d&rsquo;avoir forg&eacute; des caract&egrave;res nouveaux pour les phon&egrave;mes propres au slave, maintenant ainsi une relation bi-univoque parfaite entre la cha&icirc;ne parl&eacute;e et la cha&icirc;ne &eacute;crite. L&rsquo;&eacute;criture cyrillique conserve cette qualit&eacute; et notamment le cyrillique russe.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les termes associ&eacute;s aux racines, &eacute;crits en cyrillique, pourront &ecirc;tre lus par la transcription entre parenth&egrave;ses suivant le code donn&eacute; dans le tableau ci-dessous. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;alphabet tch&egrave;que qui sert de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence pour la transcription du cyrillique en latin. Il convient de se souvenir que &laquo;&nbsp;j&nbsp;&raquo; repr&eacute;sente toujours le yod (comme le &laquo;&nbsp;ille&nbsp;&raquo; de &laquo;&nbsp;nouille&nbsp;&raquo;). C&rsquo;est la valeur qu&rsquo;il a dans toutes les langues slaves &eacute;crites en caract&egrave;res latins. &laquo;&nbsp;u&nbsp;&raquo; se prononce &laquo;&nbsp;ou&nbsp;&raquo; comme dans l&rsquo;immense majorit&eacute; des langues &eacute;crites en caract&egrave;res latins.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p><img height="198" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_Capture d’écran 2023-10-31 134602.jpg" width="822" /></p> <p style="text-align: center;">Fig. 1. Table des &eacute;quivalences alphabet latin / alphabet cyrilique pour les langues slaves.</p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.1. D&eacute;finition de la racine dans la table &eacute;tymologique</h3> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;examen de la table portera sur la structure des racines choisie par Tesni&egrave;re et sur la pr&eacute;sentation des grandes &eacute;volutions phonologiques qui se sont produites jusqu&rsquo;au X<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire celles qui sont communes &agrave; toutes les langues slaves. Pour des ph&eacute;nom&egrave;nes comme la m&eacute;tath&egrave;se, la contraction, la disparition et la vocalisation des jers et l&rsquo;&eacute;volution des nasales, il est important de savoir quelle forme a &eacute;t&eacute; adopt&eacute;e pour l&rsquo;entr&eacute;e de chaque rubrique&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - la forme r&eacute;sultante en synchronie, </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - une forme synchronique dont l&rsquo;&eacute;volution historique est explicitement d&eacute;crite ou </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - une forme en diachronie ant&eacute;rieure aux ph&eacute;nom&egrave;nes agissant sur la racine qui pr&eacute;suppose une connaissance pr&eacute;alable de la grammaire historique&nbsp;?</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">En dehors de ces quatre &eacute;volutions historiques, l&rsquo;attention se portera sur la forme de la racine, consonantique (termin&eacute;e par une consonne) ou vocalique (termin&eacute;e par une voyelle). Cette question entrelace la tradition de la grammaire historique et une vision orient&eacute;e vers la calculabilit&eacute; des structures morph&eacute;matiques.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.2. Forme des racines avec m&eacute;tath&egrave;se des liquides</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La m&eacute;tath&egrave;se est l&rsquo;un des ph&eacute;nom&egrave;nes les plus anciens de l&rsquo;&eacute;volution phonologique des langues slaves. La m&eacute;tath&egrave;se est double, puisqu&rsquo;elle peut &ecirc;tre r&eacute;alis&eacute;e avec une voyelle &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo; ou une voyelle &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo;. La suite de caract&egrave;res &laquo;&nbsp;(C) {e | o} {l | r} C&nbsp;&raquo; repr&eacute;sente le patron qui permet la r&eacute;alisation de la m&eacute;tath&egrave;se. &laquo;&nbsp;C&nbsp;&raquo; d&eacute;signe une consonne quelconque. La pr&eacute;sence, dans cet ordre, d&rsquo;une voyelle &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo; ou &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo; suivie d&rsquo;une consonne liquide &laquo;&nbsp;l&nbsp;&raquo; ou &laquo;&nbsp;r&nbsp;&raquo; devant une consonne permet la r&eacute;alisation de la m&eacute;tath&egrave;se si la langue l&rsquo;autorise (p. ex. en haut-sorabe la m&eacute;tath&egrave;se n&rsquo;est pas syst&eacute;matique). La pr&eacute;sence ou non d&rsquo;une consonne avant ce patron importe peu, d&rsquo;o&ugrave; la notation d&rsquo;une consonne facultative entre parenth&egrave;ses.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.2a. La m&eacute;tath&egrave;se avec &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le russe a une position particuli&egrave;re, puisqu&rsquo;il duplique la voyelle de chaque c&ocirc;t&eacute; de la liquide (&laquo;&nbsp;l&nbsp;&raquo; ou &laquo;&nbsp;r&nbsp;&raquo;). Dans le cas de &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;, le russe a une vocalisation compl&egrave;te en &laquo;&nbsp;(C) o {l | r} o C&nbsp;&raquo;. Les langues slaves du Nord (polonais, haut et bas-sorabe) ont une m&eacute;tath&egrave;se en &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;(C) {l | r} o C&nbsp;&raquo; alors que le tch&egrave;que, le slovaque et les langues slaves du Sud remplacent le &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo; par &laquo;&nbsp;a&nbsp;&raquo; &laquo;&nbsp;(C) {l | r} a C&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Voici quelques exemples de racines issues de la table.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><img height="159" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_2.jpg" width="378" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans l&rsquo;en-t&ecirc;te, la racine est &eacute;crite en caract&egrave;res latins majuscules sans distinction entre l&rsquo;environnement consonantique et la voyelle qui aurait pu &ecirc;tre not&eacute;e en minuscule. Le tiret arri&egrave;re semble indiquer la pr&eacute;sence possible d&rsquo;&eacute;l&eacute;ments suffixaux alors que l&rsquo;&eacute;ventualit&eacute; de pr&eacute;fixations n&rsquo;est pas signal&eacute;e, bien que tr&egrave;s pr&eacute;sentes dans les exemples. La notation de la racine ne tient pas compte de tons &eacute;ventuels et ne pr&eacute;sente pas non plus un jer dur final (G&Ocirc;RD</span><span lang="RU" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ъ</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">). Par cette formule, Tesni&egrave;re tient cependant bien compte d&rsquo;une racine vieux-slave avant m&eacute;tath&egrave;se &agrave; partir de laquelle il est possible de g&eacute;n&eacute;rer la forme russe standard &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">город<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span lang="RU" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[3]</span></span></span></span></a></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; et une forme slavonne en &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">гр</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">д</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; identique aux formes slaves du Sud<a href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[4]</span></span></span></span></a>, ce qui vaut &eacute;galement pour les exemples suivants.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="NL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; GOL- (1) &laquo;&nbsp;nu&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;t&ecirc;te (chauve)&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 22)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">голый</span> <span lang="NL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(golyj) : nu</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&hellip;</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">голов</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a</span><a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span lang="CS" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[5]</span></span></span></span></span></a> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(golova)&nbsp;: la t&ecirc;te</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">гл</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">в</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (glava)&nbsp;: le chapitre</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ....</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">GOL- (2) &laquo;&nbsp;voix&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 22)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">голос</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(golos)&nbsp;: la voix</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&hellip;</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">приглаш</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">a</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ть</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">prigla&scaron;ať)&nbsp;: </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">inviter</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пригласить</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(priglasiť)&nbsp;: inviter</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; приглашeние (prigla&scaron;enie)&nbsp;: l&rsquo;invitation</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; глaгол (glagol)&nbsp;: le verbe</span></span></span></p> <div>&nbsp; <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /></div> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La notation des deux </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">racines &laquo;&nbsp;GOL-&nbsp;&raquo; &nbsp;est la m&ecirc;me que pr&eacute;c&eacute;demment (&laquo;&nbsp;GORD&nbsp;-&raquo;). Cependant, il me semble que la consonne suivant la liquide appartient &agrave; la racine. J&rsquo;aurais not&eacute; &laquo;&nbsp;GOLS&nbsp;-&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;GOLV&nbsp;-&raquo;. Dans ce dernier cas, la notation de &laquo;&nbsp;V&nbsp;&raquo; dans la racine emp&ecirc;cherait de prendre &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">г</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&oacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">лый</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (golyj&nbsp;: nu)&nbsp;en compte comme le fait Tesni&egrave;re. Derksen (2008) va dans mon sens en proposant deux formes diff&eacute;rentes&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;golv&agrave;&nbsp;&raquo; pour la t&ecirc;te et &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">g&ograve;lъ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; pour nu. En ce qui concerne GOL- (2) &laquo;&nbsp;voix<a href="#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[6]</span></span></span></span></a>&nbsp;&raquo;, ce choix permet &agrave; Tesni&egrave;re d&rsquo;inclure la forme &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">глaгoл</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (glagol) issue par m&eacute;tath&egrave;se &laquo;&nbsp;o vers a&nbsp;&raquo; de &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">golgolъ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; identifi&eacute; en tant que tel chez Derksen.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.2b. La m&eacute;tath&egrave;se avec &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo;</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Elle est illustr&eacute;e chez Tesni&egrave;re, entre autres, par la racine &laquo;&nbsp;BERG- (2) &lsquo;rive&rsquo;&nbsp;&raquo;. Blankoff (1974) fustige les commentaires que Tesni&egrave;re ajoute de temps &agrave; autre sous l&rsquo;entr&eacute;e de la racine et que je comprends bien plus comme un moyen de m&eacute;moriser la racine que d&rsquo;en indiquer une &eacute;tymologie. Il est dommage qu&rsquo;ici Tesni&egrave;re n&rsquo;ait pas pens&eacute; au mot fran&ccedil;ais &laquo;&nbsp;berge&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Derksen donne &laquo;&nbsp;b&ecirc;rg</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ъ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; et Tesni&egrave;re&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><img height="83" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_4.jpg" width="280" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="IT" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&Agrave; partir de la racine &laquo;&nbsp;BeRG&nbsp;&raquo;, nous obtenons bien une forme &laquo;&nbsp;BeReG&nbsp;&raquo; (&laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">б</span><span lang="IT" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&eacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">рег<a href="#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span lang="RU" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[7]</span></span></span></span></a></span><span lang="IT" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo;) en russe, palatalis&eacute;e dans &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">н</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&aacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">бережная</span><span lang="IT" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (naberežnaja)&nbsp;&raquo; conservant la vocalisation totale.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.3. Forme des racines avec contraction</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La contraction est essentiellement un ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne ayant touch&eacute; les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest. Il y a eu plusieurs p&eacute;riodes de contraction. Celle qui nous int&eacute;resse est la plus ancienne. Elle est marqu&eacute;e par une suite </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;voyelle - &lsquo;j&rsquo; - voyelle&nbsp;&raquo; dans laquelle le yod se perd. Il en r&eacute;sulte une suite &laquo;&nbsp;voyelle - voyelle&nbsp;&raquo; qui devient une voyelle longue en tch&egrave;que et en slovaque qui notent les longueurs dans la graphie. Ainsi, la suite &laquo;&nbsp;oja&nbsp;&raquo; donne-t-elle &laquo;&nbsp;oa&nbsp;&raquo;, puis &laquo;&nbsp;&aacute;&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Marvan a d&eacute;crit pr&eacute;cis&eacute;ment ce ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne (Marvan 2000) et le pr&eacute;sente sous forme tabulaire&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <table class="Table" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">pol</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">b-s</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">h-s</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">tch</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">slk</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-GB" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">slo</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-GB" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">cr/s</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">bul</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ukr</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">rus</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">1</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">dobrajego</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">20</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">1</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">dobroje</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">16</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">d</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ělaje</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">4</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">pojas</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ъ</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">12</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">4</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">5</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">s</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ъ</span><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">měje</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">5</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">6</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ženojǫ</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">6</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">7</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">vějati</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">9</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">7</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">8</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mojego</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">7</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">8</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">9</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">stojati</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">6</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">9</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">moja</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">4</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mojimi</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">12</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">vojevoda</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">12</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">13</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">zaj</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ę</span><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">c</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ь</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">+</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">13</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">moji</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">0</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">15</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">směje s</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ę</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&mdash;</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">0</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">15</span></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">19</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">17</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">15</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">5</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:29px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:94px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">15</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">14</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">23</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">17</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">17</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:3px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">11</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">3</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">5</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="PL" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">2</span></span></span></p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> <td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; width:41px; padding:0cm 7px 0cm 7px; border-top:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:none"> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: center;">Fig.2. Le ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne de contraction dans les langues slaves.</p> <p align="center" style="text-align:center">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;+&nbsp;&raquo; indique une contraction qui n&rsquo;a pas toujours lieu, &laquo;&nbsp;I&nbsp;&raquo; une contraction qui se fait toujours et &laquo;&nbsp;&mdash;&nbsp;&raquo; jamais. Des 15 patrons &laquo;&nbsp;voyelle - &lsquo;j&rsquo; - voyelle&nbsp;&raquo; pr&eacute;sent&eacute;s par Marvan, seul le premier concerne le russe. Il s&rsquo;agit du g&eacute;nitif singulier du masculin et du neutre des adjectifs de type dur&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;dobrajego&nbsp;&raquo; devient &laquo;&nbsp;dobrogo&nbsp;&raquo;.&nbsp; Une des particularit&eacute;s du russe est de conserver abondamment les formes longues, d&eacute;velopp&eacute;es.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tesni&egrave;re donne la racine </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; STa/o<a href="#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[8]</span></span></span></span></a> &laquo;&nbsp;se tenir debout&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 78)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fran&ccedil;. station)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &hellip;</span></span></span></p> <p><img height="154" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_image-20231031135933-2.png" width="657" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">o&ugrave; l&rsquo;on trouve une alternance &laquo;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ст</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (st) / &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">щ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (ś) et une d&eacute;sinence de l&rsquo;infinitif en &laquo;&nbsp;-</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ить</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (-it&rsquo;), ce qui me fait d&rsquo;autant plus douter.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le tch&egrave;que a contract&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;st&aacute;t&nbsp;&raquo; &agrave; l&rsquo;infinitif, m&ecirc;me si la flexion conserve la forme d&eacute;velopp&eacute;e en &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">stoj&iacute;m</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (premi&egrave;re personne du singulier). Les formes de racines termin&eacute;es en voyelle font partie des descriptions classiques des langues slaves qui, &agrave; mon avis, dans bon nombre de cas, ne tiennent pas compte de la m&eacute;canique de la langue.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le verbe </span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стать</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (stať) : </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">se mettre &agrave;, donn&eacute; comme premier exemple par Tesni&egrave;re pose &eacute;galement probl&egrave;me, ne serait-ce que par une s&eacute;mantique tr&egrave;s divergente.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">De fait, Derksen donne deux racines&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b>st&agrave;ti</b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">avec en russe &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стать</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">stať</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стану</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (stanu&nbsp;: 1<sup>&egrave;re</sup> personne du singulier) et &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">станет</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (stanět&nbsp;: 3<sup>&egrave;me</sup> personne du singulier), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">st&aacute;t se</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;stat&rsquo; sa&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque, &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">stać si</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ę&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b>stojati</b></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">avec en russe &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стоять</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (stojať), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стою</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (stoju&nbsp;: 1<sup>&egrave;re</sup> personne du singulier) et &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">стоит</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (stoit&nbsp;: 3<sup>&egrave;me</sup> personne du singulier), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">st&aacute;t</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;st</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&aacute;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">t&rsquo;&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque, &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">stać</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais, &laquo;&nbsp;stajati&nbsp;&raquo; en serbo-croate et &laquo;&nbsp;stati&nbsp;&raquo; en slov&egrave;ne, les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest et le slov&egrave;ne ayant contract&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;infinitif.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.4. Forme des racines avec disparition et vocalisation des jers</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne essentiel qui concerne toutes les langues slaves. Les &laquo;&nbsp;jers&nbsp;&raquo; sont de nature vocalique et sont soumis, comme les voyelles, &agrave; une opposition de mouillure (jer dur, repr&eacute;sent&eacute; par &laquo;&nbsp;ъ&nbsp;&raquo;, oppos&eacute; &agrave; un jer mou, repr&eacute;sent&eacute; par &laquo;&nbsp;ь&nbsp;&raquo;). Ils sont brefs, dits de la dur&eacute;e d&rsquo;une demie voyelle br&egrave;ve. On obtient les oppositions de longueur&nbsp;: jer: 0,5, voyelle br&egrave;ve&nbsp;: 1 et diphtongue / voyelle longue&nbsp;: 2.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La tradition tch&egrave;que se r&eacute;f&egrave;re &agrave; la loi de </span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Havl&iacute;k</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> qui rend compte de la disparition et de la vocalisation des jers. Elle permet une repr&eacute;sentation et une compr&eacute;hension fiables des ph&eacute;nom&egrave;nes mis en jeu. Les communaut&eacute;s slaves autres que tch&egrave;que et slovaque s&rsquo;y rapportent beaucoup plus rarement, lorsque cette loi est connue. Je vais montrer ces processus, calcul&eacute;s &agrave; partir de la fin du mot, &agrave; l&rsquo;aide du sch&eacute;ma ci-dessous&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p align="center" style="text-align:center"><img height="230" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_image-20231031133540-1.jpeg" width="377" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans une structure de mot suppos&eacute;e en &laquo;&nbsp;consonne &ndash; voyelle &ndash; consonne &ndash; voyelle &hellip;&nbsp;&raquo;, les jers peuvent se substituer aux voyelles et venir &agrave; leur place. Aux trois voyelles ci-dessus correspondent au-dessus de celles-ci les jers mous et en-dessous les jers durs. L&rsquo;&eacute;volution possible des jers se calcule &agrave; partir de la fin du mot en remontant vers l&rsquo;avant, d&rsquo;o&ugrave; la fl&egrave;che rouge.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.4a. Les jers de rang impair</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les jers de rang impair disparaissent, mais de mani&egrave;re diff&eacute;renci&eacute;e&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- un jer dur de rang impair dispara&icirc;t sans laisser de trace. En fin de mot, donc en position 1, cette chute explique qu&rsquo;un substantif masculin soit termin&eacute; par une consonne, parce que le jer, vocalique, qui terminait la cha&icirc;ne est tomb&eacute; et a laiss&eacute; la consonne dure &laquo;&nbsp;&agrave; nu&nbsp;&raquo; qui devient ainsi le dernier caract&egrave;re du mot. En slave, la forme finale du mot permet, dans un grand nombre de cas, de conna&icirc;tre son genre. </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- un jer mou impair dispara&icirc;t en tant que tel, mais demeure sous une forme combin&eacute;e avec la consonne pr&eacute;c&eacute;dente dans les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest. C&rsquo;est ce qui explique les formes diverses d&rsquo;infinitif &agrave; partir de la suite &laquo;&nbsp;t + jer mou&nbsp;&raquo;,&nbsp;l&agrave; o&ugrave; l&rsquo;on a &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ть</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (t&rsquo;) en russe&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- &laquo;&nbsp;t + jer mou&nbsp;&raquo; donne &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ś&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> en bas-sorabe.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- &laquo;&nbsp;t + jer mou&nbsp;&raquo; donne &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ć&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> en haut-sorabe et en polonais.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- &laquo;&nbsp;t + jer mou&nbsp;&raquo; donne &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ť&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> en slovaque. En tch&egrave;que, le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ť&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> a fortement d&eacute;palatalis&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;t&nbsp;&raquo;, les formes demeur&eacute;es en &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ť&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> &eacute;tant l&rsquo;exception. Le slov&egrave;ne a totalement d&eacute;palatalis&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;t&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">On trouve dans la table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p><img height="78" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_image-20231031140253-3.png" width="532" /></p> <h3>3.4b. Les jers de rang pair</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ils sont transform&eacute;s en voyelle, par exemple le polonais et le tch&egrave;que transforment les jers pairs, qu&rsquo;ils soient durs ou mous, en &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo;, le serbo-croate en &laquo;&nbsp;a&nbsp;&raquo;. Par contre, le russe diff&eacute;rencie l&rsquo;&eacute;volution du jer dur (en &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;) et du jer mou (en &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo;). Le bulgare et le mac&eacute;donien ont &eacute;galement une &eacute;volution diff&eacute;renci&eacute;e suivant le type de jer.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">On trouve par exemple chez Tesni&egrave;re&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Č</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ь</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">RV</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- &laquo;&nbsp;vermillon&nbsp;&raquo; (TE pp. 8-9)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; (la cochenille est un insecte dont on tirait une teinture &eacute;carlate)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">червь</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">č</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">erv&rsquo;)&nbsp;: le ver</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">o&ugrave; le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; de rang 2 a &eacute;t&eacute; transform&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo; &agrave; partir du mot &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">чьрвь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo;, le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; de rang 1 restant.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BR</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ъ</span><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">V- (1) &laquo;&nbsp;sourcil&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 6)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (all. Brane &laquo;&nbsp;sourcil&nbsp;&raquo;</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">бровь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (brov&rsquo;)&nbsp;: le sourcil</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">o&ugrave; le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ъ</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; de rang 2 a &eacute;t&eacute; transform&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo; &agrave; partir du mot &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">бръвь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&raquo;, le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; de rang 1 restant.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.5. Forme des racines avec &eacute;volution des nasales</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Les nasales du vieux-slave sont &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo;. Elles semblent avoir disparu d&egrave;s le milieu du 10&egrave;me si&egrave;cle pour le russe, vers la fin du 10&egrave;me si&egrave;cle pour les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest &agrave; l&rsquo;exception du polonais o&ugrave; subsistent deux nasales &laquo;&nbsp;ą&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo; (mais sans correspondance biunivoque entre les deux s&eacute;ries de nasales).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.5a. Vocalisation de la nasale &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ&nbsp;&raquo;</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Sans la pr&eacute;sence du polonais, nous aurions une tendance g&eacute;n&eacute;rale des langues slaves &agrave; vocaliser la nasale &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ&nbsp;&raquo; en &laquo;&nbsp;u&nbsp;&raquo; en dehors du slov&egrave;ne qui a vocalis&eacute; en &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;. Pour le russe, cela semble une r&eacute;gularit&eacute; et cela &eacute;vite de devoir consid&eacute;rer les diff&eacute;rents tons comme on doit le faire pour le polonais. La nasale montante longue &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ́&nbsp;&raquo; et la nasale non accentu&eacute;e longue &laquo;&nbsp;ǭ&nbsp;&raquo; donnent &laquo;&nbsp;ą&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;Sǫ́Dъ&nbsp;&raquo; a produit &laquo;&nbsp;sąd&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>tribunal</i>) et &laquo;&nbsp;LǭKa&nbsp;&raquo; &laquo;&nbsp;łąka&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>prairie</i>). Par contre, la nasale descendante longue &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ̀&nbsp;&raquo; qui est vocalis&eacute;e en &laquo;&nbsp;u&nbsp;&raquo; (bref) dans l&rsquo;ensemble des langues slaves sauf en slov&egrave;ne o&ugrave; elle est &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo; pose probl&egrave;me en polonais. Nous avons g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;Kǫ̀Sъ&nbsp;&raquo; fait &laquo;&nbsp;kęs&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>morceau</i>), mais aussi des alternances avec &laquo;&nbsp;ą&nbsp;&raquo; ou &laquo;&nbsp;ą&nbsp;&raquo; / &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo; o&ugrave; les deux formes sont possibles.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Tesni&egrave;re n&rsquo;a pas utilis&eacute; pour ses entr&eacute;es une notation de la racine avec une voyelle portant un ogonek (&agrave; la polonaise)&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;ą&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;ǫ&nbsp;&raquo;, mais une transcription issue de la graphie fran&ccedil;aise, certainement pour rendre l&rsquo;approche plus simple, plus naturelle. Alors qu&rsquo;il &eacute;crit &laquo;&nbsp;SOND&nbsp;&raquo; pour &laquo;&nbsp;tribunal&nbsp;&raquo;, il respecte la loi du &laquo;&nbsp;mpb&nbsp;&raquo; des &eacute;coliers fran&ccedil;ais et &eacute;crit &laquo;&nbsp;ZOMB&nbsp;&raquo; pour la &laquo;&nbsp;dent&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SOND- (1) &laquo;&nbsp;juger&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 77)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">суд</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(sud)&nbsp;: le jugement&nbsp;; le tribunal</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">судить</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(sudi</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ť</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">)&nbsp;: juger</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &hellip;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ZOMB- &laquo;&nbsp;dent&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 103)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">зуб</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(zub)&nbsp;: la dent</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.5b. Vocalisation de la nasale &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo;</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La vocalisation de la nasale &laquo;&nbsp;ę&nbsp;&raquo; a &eacute;t&eacute; accompagn&eacute;e d&rsquo;une mouillure derri&egrave;re labiale. Elle semble se faire en fonction du contexte qui l&rsquo;entoure et produit deux s&eacute;ries diff&eacute;rentes&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La premi&egrave;re s&eacute;rie peut &ecirc;tre repr&eacute;sent&eacute;e par &laquo;&nbsp;mę̀so&nbsp;&raquo; (viande) qui donnera d&rsquo;abord une forme mouill&eacute;e &laquo;&nbsp;m&rsquo;ęso&nbsp;&raquo;, puis la s&eacute;rie &laquo;&nbsp;мясо&nbsp;&raquo; en russe (forme mouill&eacute;e), &laquo;&nbsp;mięso&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais (forme mouill&eacute;e), &laquo;&nbsp;m&auml;so&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque (le &laquo;&nbsp;&auml;&nbsp;&raquo; a &eacute;t&eacute; une forme interm&eacute;diaire en tch&egrave;que, transform&eacute;e ensuite en &laquo;&nbsp;a&nbsp;&raquo;), &laquo;&nbsp;maso&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;meso&nbsp;&raquo; en slov&egrave;ne et BCMS.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tesni&egrave;re note&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; MEMS- &laquo;&nbsp;viande&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 44)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (fran&ccedil;. mem-bre)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">мясо</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(mjaso)&nbsp;: la viande</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">мясистый</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(mjasistyj)&nbsp;: charnu</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">мясник</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(mjasnik)&nbsp;: le boucher</span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">On peut &ecirc;tre ici surpris de la graphie &laquo;&nbsp;&agrave; la fran&ccedil;aise&nbsp;&raquo; de la nasale en &laquo;&nbsp;em&nbsp;&raquo; sans raison apparente (devant &laquo;&nbsp;s&nbsp;&raquo;).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Un exemple de la seconde s&eacute;rie sera &laquo;&nbsp;pę̀tь&nbsp;&raquo; (cinq) qui donne un ensemble avec &laquo;&nbsp;p&nbsp;&raquo; mouill&eacute; &laquo;&nbsp;пять&nbsp;&raquo; en russe, &laquo;&nbsp;pięć&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais, &laquo;&nbsp;pět&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que et non mouill&eacute; avec &laquo;&nbsp;p&auml;ť&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque et &laquo;&nbsp;pet&nbsp;&raquo; en slov&egrave;ne et BCMS.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Tesni&egrave;re pr&eacute;sente ainsi l&rsquo;entr&eacute;e correspondante&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PENT- &laquo;&nbsp;cinq&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 57)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fran&ccedil;. pent-agone)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пять</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(pjat&rsquo;)&nbsp;: cinq</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пятнадцать</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(pjatnadcat&rsquo;)&nbsp;: quinze</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пятьдесят</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(pjatdesjat)&nbsp;: cinquante</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ...</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пятый</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(pjatyj)&nbsp;: cinqui&egrave;me</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пятница</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(pjatnica)&nbsp;: vendredi</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.6. Autres formes de racines</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">J&rsquo;examinerai ici la constitution consonantique et vocalique des racines. A priori, deux grandes cat&eacute;gories devraient se d&eacute;gager&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- une racine consonantique termin&eacute;e par une consonne, g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">de type &laquo;&nbsp;attaque consonantique - noyau&nbsp;vocalique - coda&nbsp;consonantique&nbsp;&raquo;,</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- une racine vocalique de type &laquo;&nbsp;attaque consonantique - noyau&nbsp;vocalique&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.6a. Racines consonantiques</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Du premier type sont des racines de la table telles que: </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; GLAD- &laquo;&nbsp;plat&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 21)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; (fran&ccedil;. glabre)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; гладкий (gladkij): plat</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PRYSK- &laquo;&nbsp;asperger&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 64)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; прискать (priskať) / прискнуть (prisknuť) : asperger</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BЬČ- &laquo;&nbsp;bourdonner&nbsp;&raquo; (TE p. 6)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (lat. fucus &laquo;&nbsp;frelon&nbsp;&raquo;)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; пчела </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(p</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">č</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ela)&nbsp;: l&rsquo;abeille</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La racine est donn&eacute;e par Tesni&egrave;re en &laquo;&nbsp;B</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ь</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Č</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo;</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">alors que &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пчела</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> donne </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;P</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ь</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Č</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo;, ce qui pourrait sugg&eacute;rer une assimilation r&eacute;gressive de sonorit&eacute; transcrite dans la graphie actuelle.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Parmi les racines de cette forme, il existe dans la table de nombreuses racines poss&eacute;dant un noyau compos&eacute; de deux voyelles &eacute;crites en minuscules et s&eacute;par&eacute;es par un </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">/&nbsp;&raquo; signifiant l&lsquo;alternance, notamment </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;e</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">/o&nbsp;&raquo;. En voici un exemple typique&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p><img height="288" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_image-20231031140855-4.png" width="395" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Tesni&egrave;re indique la pr&eacute;sence de variations vocaliques au sein de la racine par la notation &laquo;&nbsp;e</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">/o&nbsp;&raquo;. La description n&rsquo;est pas compl&egrave;te. Une notation en </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">B{&Oslash;ei|o}R</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; serait beaucoup plus pr&eacute;cise. On pourrait ainsi indiquer que le support vocalique de la racine peut &ecirc;tre absent (</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&Oslash;: </span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">брать</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (brat&rsquo;)), se conjugue au pr&eacute;sent avec un &laquo;&nbsp;e&nbsp;&raquo; intercalaire (</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">беру</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (beru)) et la formation de l&rsquo;imperfectif est marqu&eacute;e par la voyelle &laquo;&nbsp;i&nbsp;&raquo; (</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">выбирать</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (vybirat&rsquo;)). &Agrave; droite de la s&eacute;paration &laquo;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&raquo;, on indique le(s) support (s) vocalique(s) de la d&eacute;rivation nominale de cette racine verbo-nominale (</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">сбор</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (sbor)).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans la m&ecirc;me s&eacute;rie de racines, la table contient&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pe/oK- &nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;cuire (au four), souci&nbsp;&raquo; (TE pp. 56-57)</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">печь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp; / </span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">пеку</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> / (pe</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">č</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&rsquo; / peku /)&nbsp;: cuire au four</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">o&ugrave; la coda devrait &ecirc;tre repr&eacute;sent&eacute;e en &laquo;&nbsp;K/Č&nbsp;&raquo; pour indiquer la palatalisation.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h3>3.6b. Racines vocaliques</h3> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ce sont des racines qui se terminent par une voyelle. Ce sont des racines sans coda. On trouve des exemples tels que&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <p><img height="247" src="https://www.numerev.com/img/ck_135_6_image-20231031141007-5.png" width="394" /></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La conjugaison du pr&eacute;sent est en &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">смеюсь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (smejus&rsquo;&nbsp;: je ris).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">J&rsquo;interpr&egrave;te la forme de racine (&laquo;&nbsp;Sme/oI-&nbsp;&raquo;) choisie par Tesni&egrave;re comme une alternance vocalique, mais aussi une mouillure par la pr&eacute;sence du &laquo;&nbsp;i&nbsp;&raquo; final que l&rsquo;on retrouve dans le &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">я</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; qui suit.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;immense majorit&eacute; des slavisants adopte ce type de d&eacute;coupage&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">зна</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ть</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (zna|t&rsquo;), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">зна</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ю</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (zna|ju), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">зна</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">к</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (zna|k) et &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">сме</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">яться</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (sme|jat&rsquo;sja), &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">сме</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">юсь</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (sme|jus&rsquo;),&nbsp;&laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">сме</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">|</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">х</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (sme|x)&nbsp;au nom du principe d&rsquo;opposition. En russe et dans les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Est, la non contraction du segment vocalique &laquo;&nbsp;voyelle - &lsquo;j&rsquo; - voyelle&nbsp;&raquo; appuie une segmentation en &laquo;&nbsp;voyelle | - &lsquo;j&rsquo; - voyelle&nbsp;&raquo;. Mais faut-il ensuite se contenter de &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">к</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; et de &laquo;&nbsp;x&nbsp;&raquo; comme suffixes&nbsp;?</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Dans les langues qui ont contract&eacute;, la tradition maintient tr&egrave;s souvent le d&eacute;coupage pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent. Cependant, une vision plus consonantique des racines o&ugrave; peuvent entrer des sch&egrave;mes vocaliques en r&eacute;f&eacute;rence aux grammaires des langues s&eacute;mitiques am&egrave;ne &agrave; un d&eacute;coupage qui, dans les exemples ci-dessus, met la voyelle du c&ocirc;t&eacute; des suffixes. En analyse automatique du tch&egrave;que, le d&eacute;coupage morph&eacute;matique participe &agrave; la calculabilit&eacute; de la langue dans la mesure o&ugrave; il n&rsquo;apporte ni blocage ni contradiction.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>4. Les mots d&rsquo;origine &eacute;trang&egrave;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L&rsquo;indication d&rsquo;origine &eacute;trang&egrave;re se rapporte aux mots et non aux racines. Les diff&eacute;rentes origines sont class&eacute;es dans un ordre approximativement d&eacute;croissant du nombre de mots concern&eacute;s et par groupes de langues ou aires g&eacute;ographiques. C&rsquo;est le grec et le latin qui viennent en t&ecirc;te avec environ 120 mots. En t&ecirc;te des langues vivantes appara&icirc;t l&rsquo;apport des langues romanes avec italien, fran&ccedil;ais et espagnol. Viennent ensuite les langues germaniques avec les emprunts &agrave; l&rsquo;allemand (environ 80 mots), au n&eacute;erlandais, puis &agrave; l&rsquo;anglais, aux langues scandinaves et au gotique. Puis on trouvera polonais et lituanien (avec le mot янтарь (jantar&lsquo;) d&eacute;signant l&rsquo;ambre venu du lituanien &lsquo;gentaras&rsquo;), h&eacute;breu, arabe, persan, turc (par exemple изюм (izjum)</span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">les raisins secs du turc &lsquo;&uuml;z&uuml;m&rsquo;)</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, kurde, tatar, hongrois et l&lsquo;extr&ecirc;me-orient avec mongol, chinois (pour le th&eacute; - </span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">чай</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (čaj)</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">) et japonais (pour le soja - </span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">соя</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (soja)</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Il convient de rappeler ici que le corpus est constitu&eacute; de textes litt&eacute;raires. Un corpus de nature m&eacute;dicale, scientifique ou technique aurait vraisemblablement fait appara&icirc;tre un plus grand nombre d&rsquo;origines grecques et latines.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>5. Des prolongements &agrave; la table &eacute;tymologique</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Sous le titre &laquo;&nbsp;Compr&eacute;hension automatique et spectre s&eacute;mantique (russe, bulgare, tch&egrave;que, fran&ccedil;ais). El&eacute;ments pour la construction d&rsquo;un automate de compr&eacute;hension implicite du discours non litt&eacute;raire&nbsp;&raquo; qui peut para&icirc;tre &eacute;nigmatique, Daniel H&eacute;rault s&rsquo;est int&eacute;ress&eacute;, &agrave; la suite de Tesni&egrave;re et de Gentilhomme (1964), &agrave; l&rsquo;utilisation des racines que l&rsquo;on peut faire en lecture et compr&eacute;hension globale d&rsquo;un texte scientifique. Celles-ci sont en mesure de fournir un invariant de sens en dehors d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes morphologiques et syntaxiques, notamment en privil&eacute;giant les racines verbo-nominales. De plus, l&rsquo;organisation et la typographie du texte permettent une certaine hi&eacute;rarchisation des concepts.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Une impl&eacute;mentation informatique de l&rsquo;essentiel d&rsquo;un automate de compr&eacute;hension implicite de textes m&eacute;dicaux a &eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;alis&eacute;e pour le tch&egrave;que par Pognan (1977). Depuis, les racines jouent un r&ocirc;le important dans nos analyses automatiques du tch&egrave;que, en particulier pour la r&eacute;alisation d&rsquo;un module de segmentation morph&eacute;matique.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Je souhaiterais ici attirer l&rsquo;attention sur un essai int&eacute;ressant de g&eacute;n&eacute;ration automatique de mots slaves (langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest et du Sud-Ouest et russe) &agrave; partir de racines (suppos&eacute;es) vieux-slaves r&eacute;alis&eacute; en collaboration avec Jarmila Panevov&aacute; (2013). Cet essai a &eacute;t&eacute; bas&eacute; sur l&rsquo;inventaire pr&eacute;sent&eacute; par Derksen (2008). Le fait qu&rsquo;un grand nombre de racines permet de g&eacute;n&eacute;rer correctement les mots dans un ensemble de langues slaves montre que le syst&egrave;me linguistique slave est calculable dans ses diverses vari&eacute;t&eacute;s par rapport &agrave; une origine distante d&rsquo;une bonne quinzaine de si&egrave;cles et conserve donc une unit&eacute; insoup&ccedil;onn&eacute;e.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>Conclusion</h2> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">La d&eacute;limitation des racines d&rsquo;une langue pr&eacute;suppose une connaissance de la grammaire historique et la d&eacute;finition pr&eacute;alable d&rsquo;un d&eacute;coupage morph&eacute;matique coh&eacute;rent au plan synchronique. Il n&rsquo;est pas impossible, mais peu vraisemblable, que Lucien Tesni&egrave;re n&rsquo;ait pas apport&eacute; le m&ecirc;me soin que pour la pr&eacute;paration de la syntaxe, ces deux s&eacute;ries de travaux s&rsquo;&eacute;tant &eacute;tal&eacute;es sur des d&eacute;cennies.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le jugement s&eacute;v&egrave;re de Blankoff doit &ecirc;tre relativis&eacute; en ce qui concerne un certain nombre de points&nbsp;:</span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>- le concept m&ecirc;me de racine, fondamental ici, n&#39;est pas d&eacute;fini et les formes sous lesquelles sont pr&eacute;sent&eacute;es ces racines, parfois assez arbitraires, ne sont pas justifi&eacute;es</p> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">C&rsquo;est certainement l&agrave; la critique la plus forte. Le pr&eacute;sent article s&rsquo;est efforc&eacute; de montrer que les formes de racine, &agrave; la transcription pr&egrave;s, sont des formes standard en vieux-slave avant toute transformation historique&nbsp;;</span></span></span></p> <blockquote> <p>- elle [la table &eacute;tymologique] indique des rapprochements avec le fran&ccedil;ais qui sont quelquefois fort discutables, contient des erreurs, m&ecirc;me en langue anglaise (p. 75, on sait que &laquo;&nbsp;to smile&nbsp;&raquo; veut dire &laquo;&nbsp;sourire&nbsp;&raquo;)</p> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&Agrave; mon avis, Tesni&egrave;re vise tout autant des moyens mn&eacute;motechniques qu&rsquo;une &eacute;tymologie. En ce qui concerne &laquo;&nbsp;to smile&nbsp;&raquo;, la racine commune &laquo;&nbsp;SM&nbsp;&raquo; est mise en avant. L&rsquo;origine de &laquo;&nbsp;smile&nbsp;&raquo; n&rsquo;est pas tout &agrave; fait claire et le Webster&rsquo;s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1983) fait &eacute;tat du sens de &laquo;&nbsp;rire&nbsp;&raquo; en vieil anglais. Souvent, dans la table &eacute;tymologique, les mots li&eacute;s &agrave; une racine surprennent, car ils ont en russe contemporain une s&eacute;mantique divergente. Tesni&egrave;re, en sp&eacute;cialiste de l&rsquo;indo-europ&eacute;en, tient vraisemblablement compte d&rsquo;&eacute;tats plus anciens que ce qui est connu pour le slave. Il met par exemple &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">слово</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (slovo&nbsp;: mot) sous la racine &laquo;&nbsp;SLe/oU&nbsp;&raquo; (entendre) qui donne naturellement des mots tels que &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">слух</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (slux&nbsp;: l&rsquo;ou&iuml;e). &laquo;&nbsp;SL&nbsp;&raquo; est la racine du verbe &laquo;&nbsp;sl</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&uacute;ti</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; (s&rsquo;appeler, se nommer) qui donne &laquo;&nbsp;Slovan&nbsp;&raquo; (le Slave = celui qui poss&egrave;de la parole).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Le jugement port&eacute; sur la table &eacute;tymologique de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re doit tenir compte du fait qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un travail en cours, non achev&eacute; et d&rsquo;un &eacute;l&eacute;ment faisant partie d&rsquo;un tout beaucoup plus large&nbsp;: un projet d&rsquo;enseignement / apprentissage du vocabulaire russe. L&rsquo;ensemble des quatre tables pr&eacute;vues concerne les mots du russe et leur apprentissage &agrave; partir d&rsquo;angle divers, grammatical (non publi&eacute;), s&eacute;mantique, &eacute;tymologique et statistique (non publi&eacute;). Cet ensemble convergent, auquel il serait aujourd&rsquo;hui facile d&rsquo;ajouter un concordancier pour observer l&rsquo;usage des mots en situation, est certainement optimal pour l&rsquo;apprentissage du vocabulaire.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <h2>Bibliographie</h2> <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">BERGOUNIOUX Gabriel, Lucien Tesni&egrave;re (1893-1954)&nbsp;: du slov&egrave;ne &agrave; la syntaxe structurale in Neveu F. &amp; Roig A., (eds), <em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">L&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, lectures contemporaines</span></span></em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">, de Gruyter, Paris, p. 123-134, 2022.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">BLANKOFF Jean, Tesni&egrave;re (Lucien), Table &eacute;tymologique, les mots russes class&eacute;s d&#39;apr&egrave;s leur racine. In <i>Revue belge de philologie et d&#39;histoire</i>, tome 52, fasc. 1 Antiquit&eacute; - Oudheid, p. 234-235, 1974. </span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN-US" style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1974_num_52_1_5440_t1_0234_0000_3.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">BLAŽEK V</span></span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&aacute;clav</span></span><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">, <i>On the internal classification of Indo-European languages: survey</i>, Linguistica ONLINE, ISSN 1801-5336, 2005. </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="text-decoration:none"><span style="text-underline:none">http://www.phil.muni.cz/linguistica/art/blazek/bla-003.pdf</span></span>.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-US" style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">DERKSEN Rick, <i>Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon</i>. </span></span></span><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">Brill, Leiden, 2008.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">FOURQUET Jean, <i>Grammaire de l&rsquo;allemand</i>, Hachette, Paris, 1969.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">GENTILHOMME Yves, <i>Manuel de russe &agrave; l&rsquo;usage des scientifiques</i>. Dunod, Paris, 1964.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">H&Eacute;RAULT Daniel, LJUDSKANOV Alexandre, POGNAN Patrice, <i>Compr&eacute;hension automatique et spectre s&eacute;mantique (russe, bulgare, tch&egrave;que, fran&ccedil;ais). El&eacute;ments pour la construction d&rsquo;un automate de compr&eacute;hension implicite du discours non litt&eacute;raire</i>. Paris, Dunod - Association Jean-Favard pour le d&eacute;veloppement de la linguistique quantitative, 1981.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">LAMPRECHT Arno&scaron;t, &Scaron;LOSAR Du&scaron;an et BAUER Jaroslav, <i>Historick&aacute; mluvnice če&scaron;tiny</i>. St&aacute;tn&iacute; Pedagogick&eacute; Nakladatelstv&iacute;, Prague, 1986.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">MARVAN J</span></span><span lang="SK" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">iř&iacute;</span></span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">, <i>Jazykov&eacute; mil&eacute;nium. Slovansk&aacute; kontrakce a jej&iacute; česk&yacute;</i></span></span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">&lrm;</span></span></i><i><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> zdroj</span></span></i><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">. </span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Academia, Prague, 2000.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">NEVEU Franck, ROIG Audrey, (eds)&nbsp;: <em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">L&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, lectures contemporaines</span></span></em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">, de Gruyter, Paris, 2022.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">POGNAN Patrice, <i>Analyse automatique du tch&egrave;que. Vers un algorithme de &quot;compr&eacute;hension&quot; implicite des textes scientifiques. D&eacute;finition d&#39;un module pr&eacute;dicatif g&eacute;n&eacute;ral</i>, Th&egrave;se d&#39;&eacute;tat &egrave;s Lettres sous la direction d&rsquo;Yves Millet, Universit&eacute; de Paris III Sorbonne nouvelle, 1977. Publication Paris, Champion, 1979.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">POGNAN Patrice, PANEVOV&Aacute; Jarmila, G&eacute;n&eacute;ration automatique de lex&egrave;mes slaves &agrave; partir de leurs racines historiques. Une des bases de l&rsquo;enseignement multilingue des langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest (Nord et Sud),: <i>Linguistica</i> n&deg; 52, Ljubljana, p. 59-75, 2013.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">POGNAN Patrice, Pourquoi Tesni&egrave;re est-il Tesni&egrave;re&nbsp;? Vie, &oelig;uvre et h&eacute;ritage, in Vaupot S., </span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Mezeg A., Perko G., Schlamberger Brezar M. &amp; Zupančič M.(&eacute;ds.)&nbsp;: <i>Contacts linguistiques, litt&eacute;raires, culturels&nbsp;: Cent ans d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes du fran&ccedil;ais &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; de Ljubljana</i>, Collection Traduction et linguistique appliqu&eacute;e, Universit&eacute; de Ljubljana, p. 132-155, 2020.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#333333">POGNAN Patrice, Lucien Tesni&egrave;re et l&rsquo;&eacute;cole de Prague, in </span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Neveu F., Roig A., (eds)&nbsp;: <em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">L&rsquo;&oelig;uvre de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re, lectures contemporaines</span></span></em><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">, de Gruyter, Paris, p. 153-173, 2022.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SCHLAMBERGER BREZAR Mojca, Les influences de Lucien Tesni&egrave;re sur la grammaire du slov&egrave;ne, <i>Essai de grammaire slov&egrave;ne</i> par Claude Vincenot, in <span style="background:white"><span style="color:#333333">Vaupot S., </span></span>Mezeg A., Perko G., Schlamberger Brezar M. &amp; Zupančič M.(&eacute;ds.), <i>Contacts linguistiques, litt&eacute;raires, culturels&nbsp;: Cent ans d&rsquo;&eacute;tudes du fran&ccedil;ais &agrave; l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; de Ljubljana</i>, Collection Traduction et linguistique appliqu&eacute;e, Universit&eacute; de Ljubljana, p. 156-167, 2020.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, Sur le syst&egrave;me casuel du slov&egrave;ne, <i>M&eacute;langes linguistiques offerts &agrave; M. J. Vendry&egrave;s par ses amis et ses &eacute;l&egrave;ves,</i> Paris, Champion, 1925a.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Les formes de duel en slov&egrave;ne</i>, Paris, Champion, 1925b, XX + 450 p. Travaux publi&eacute;s par l&rsquo;IES, t. III (Prix Volney). Th&egrave;se principale de doctorat.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Atlas linguistique pour servir &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;tude du duel en slov&egrave;ne</i>, Paris, Champion, 1925c. 42p + 70 cartes. Th&egrave;se secondaire de doctorat.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Imparfait et imperfectif</i>, Časopis pro modern&iacute; filologii a literatury s č&aacute;st&iacute; didaktickou. Ročn&iacute;k XV, se&scaron;it 3-4. Prague, 1929.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Synth&eacute;tisme et analytisme</i>. Charisteria Guilelmo Mathesio quinquagenario a discipulis et circuli linguistici Pragensis sodalibus oblata. Sumptibus &quot;Pražsk&yacute; linguistick&yacute; kroužek&quot;, Cercle linguistique de Prague, &laquo; M&eacute;langes Mathesius &raquo;, p. 62-64, 1932.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, Comment construire une syntaxe, <i>Bulletin de la Facult&eacute; des Lettres de Strasbourg</i>, , 12/7, p. 219-229, 1934a.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Petite grammaire russe</i>, Paris, Didier, 1934b.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, A propos des temps surcompos&eacute;s. <i>Bulletin de la Facult&eacute; des Lettres de Strasbourg</i>, 1935, 14e ann&eacute;e, n&deg; 2.</span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, L&rsquo;opposition morphologique de l&rsquo;accent dans le substantif russe, <i>M&eacute;langes en l&rsquo;honneur de Jules Legras</i>, Paris, Droz, p. 249-268, 1939a.</span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, Phonologie et m&eacute;langes de langues, <i>Travaux du cercle linguistique de Prague</i>, , 8, p. 83-93, 1939b.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, Le duel sylleptique en fran&ccedil;ais et en slave, <i>Bulletin de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; de linguistique de Paris</i>, , t. 47, 134, p. 57-63,1952.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Esquisse d&rsquo;une syntaxe structurale</i>, Paris, Klincksieck, 1953.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Petit vocabulaire russe&nbsp;: table s&eacute;mantique</i>, tome I, Paris, Didier, 1957.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>&Eacute;l&eacute;ments de syntaxe structurale</i>, 2<sup>e</sup> &eacute;d., Paris, Klincksieck, 1966 [1959].</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Table &eacute;tymologique&nbsp;: les mots russes class&eacute;s d&rsquo;apr&egrave;s leur racine</i>, Documents de Linguistique Quantitative, Facult&eacute; des sciences de l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; de Paris, 1970.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN-US" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TESNI&Egrave;RE Lucien, <i>Elements of structural syntax</i>, translation by Osborne T., Kahane S., John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2015. 780 p. (open edition).</span></span></span></p> <div>&nbsp; <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Lucien Tesni&egrave;re avait 3 enfants&nbsp;: Michel (1924-1980), Bernard (1926-2016) et Yveline (n&eacute;e en 1928). Source&nbsp;: Marie-H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Tesni&egrave;re, Pr&eacute;face de Neveu et Roig (2022), p. XVI.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn2"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Je privil&eacute;gie la forme &laquo;&nbsp;ś&nbsp;&raquo; (</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&scaron; </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mouill&eacute;) &agrave; la forme &laquo;&nbsp;&scaron;č&nbsp;&raquo; qui est une prononciation minoritaire. Les langues slaves de l&rsquo;Ouest (polonais et sorabes) disposent d&rsquo;une &eacute;chelle de mouillures &agrave; 3 niveaux&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;c č ć&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;s &scaron; ś&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;z ž ź&nbsp;&raquo; en bas-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;ć, ś et ź&nbsp;&raquo; &eacute;tant les mouillures respectives de &laquo;&nbsp;č, &scaron; et ž&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn3"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> A la forme russe avec vocalisation totale &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">г</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&oacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">род</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; correspondent dans les autres langues slaves une m&eacute;tath&egrave;se standard&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;gr&oacute;d&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ch&acirc;teau fort et ville</i>) en polonais, &laquo;&nbsp;grod&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ch&acirc;teau fort</i>) en bas-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;hr&oacute;d&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ch&acirc;teau fort</i>) en haut-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;hrad&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ch&acirc;teau fort</i>) en slovaque et tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;grad&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ch&acirc;teau fort</i>) en slov&egrave;ne, &laquo;&nbsp;grad&nbsp;&raquo; (<i>ville</i>) en BCMS.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn4"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[4]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Signalons ici l&rsquo;analogie avec la racine berb&egrave;re GDR qui a aussi le sens de mur d&rsquo;enceinte et donne le nom de la ville d&rsquo;Agadir.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn5"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[5]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> &Agrave; la forme russe &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">голов</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&aacute;</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; correspondent les formes &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">głowa</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais et bas-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="CS" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">hłowa</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en haut-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;hlava&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que et slovaque et &laquo;&nbsp;glava&nbsp;&raquo; en slov&egrave;ne, en BCMS, en mac&eacute;donien et en bulgare. Le balte (lituanien et letton) ne fait pas la m&eacute;tath&egrave;se et poss&egrave;de &laquo;&nbsp;a&nbsp;&raquo; en place de &laquo;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;galva&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn6"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[6]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Au russe &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">г</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&oacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">лос</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; correspondent les formes avec m&eacute;tath&egrave;se r&eacute;elle &laquo;&nbsp;</span>g<span lang="CS" style="font-size:11.0pt">ł</span>os<span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais et en bas-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;</span>h<span lang="CS" style="font-size:11.0pt">ł</span>&oacute;s<span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; en haut-sorabe, &laquo;&nbsp;hlas&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque et en tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;glas&nbsp;&raquo; dans les langues slaves du Sud.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn7"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[7]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Au russe &laquo;&nbsp;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">б</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&eacute;</span><span lang="RU" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">рег</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;&raquo; correspondent les formes avec m&eacute;tath&egrave;se r&eacute;elle &laquo;&nbsp;břeh&nbsp;&raquo; en tch&egrave;que, &laquo;&nbsp;brzeg&nbsp;&raquo; en polonais, &laquo;&nbsp;breh&nbsp;&raquo; en slovaque et &laquo;&nbsp;breg&nbsp;&raquo; en slov&egrave;ne, &laquo;&nbsp;brijeg&nbsp;&raquo; en croate. En haut-sorabe, la forme ancienne &laquo;&nbsp;brjeh&nbsp;&raquo; a &eacute;t&eacute; remplac&eacute;e par &laquo;&nbsp;brj&oacute;h&nbsp;&raquo;.</span></span></span></p> </div> <div id="ftn8"> <p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a href="#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">[8]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Tesni&egrave;re donne toujours les alternances vocaliques en caract&egrave;res minuscules, sauf la deuxi&egrave;me voyelle d&rsquo;une diphtongue.</span></span></span></p> </div> </div>