<p style="text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:16px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Cet article traite des aptitudes mobilisées dans les interactions sociales par les biffins vivant dans les bidonvilles de Montpellier. La « biffe » y est pratiquée dans sa grande majorité par les habitants. Elle consiste en la récupération de déchets dans les poubelles de la ville. Recyclés, ces déchets deviennent des marchandises revendues aux marchés aux puces ou aux marchés spontanés. Cette activité permet ainsi d’assurer des revenus minimums aux personnes marquées par un contexte de grande vulnérabilité socio-économique et des capacités d’inclusion faible. Au travers cette économie de la « </span></span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">débrouillardise<i> </i></span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">»<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a> ou cet « </span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">art de se tirer d’affaire</span><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> »<a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a>, les personnes s’engagent dans des situations de coprésence. Elles mettent en œuvre des compétences relationnelles dans les différentes étapes de l’exercice et réalisation de la « biffe »<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:16px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">This article discusses the skills mobilized by biffins in social interactions. The vast majority of slum dwellers in Montpellier practice "biffe". It consists in the recovery of material waste in the city's garbage cans. Recycled, this waste is then sold at flea markets. This "informal" activity allows to ensure a minimum income for people living in a context of great socio-economic vulnerability and low inclusion capacities. Through this "survival strategy" or "art of getting by", people engage in situations of co-presence. They implement relational skills in the different stages of the exercise and realization of biffe.</span></span></span></span></span></p>

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<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span arial="" style="font-family:"> LAUTIER B., <i>Économie informelle dans le tiers monde</i>, Paris, La découverte, coll. « repère », 2004, p. 29.</span></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span arial="" style="font-family:"> Sylvie Ayimpan utilise cette expression dans un article sur l’économie de la débrouille à Kinshasa.</span></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference" style="vertical-align:super"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span arial="" style="font-family:"> Récupération des déchets dans les poubelles.</span></span></span></p>
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